Probabilistic household load model for unbalance studies based on measurements

The number of single phase connected devices (electric vehicle charger, photovoltaic inverters, etc.) with high electrical power and long periods of operation increases continuously and may lead to a significant increase in voltage unbalance. In order to perform a realistic simulation of voltage unbalance in public low voltage networks, the contribution of residential loads to unbalance has to be included. This paper presents a probabilistic model of household loads for unbalance studies. The model is based on a set of power measurements of households of different size in different networks. Based on these data an unbalanced load flow model for household loads is developed and validated. Both, simulation and measurement results are discussed and simplified equations to estimate unbalance and maximum power of a group of households are provided.