Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Implementations and Techniques in Panic Disorder: A Review

In this review, Cognitive Behavioral Techniques (CBT) that are applied for people with panic disorder are examined. Panic Disorder (PD), in the category of anxiety disorders, is identified as extreme fear and uneasiness, repeated and unexpected panic attacks. When coexisting with agoraphobia associated with poor quality of life, it becomes a chronic feature, which can disable the person functionally. The study shows that childhood traumas, domestic violence, smoking, alcohol abuse, marriage problems, specific tragic events, tend to be anxious, and such like situations increase the risk of suffering from panic disorder. Applications of CBT-based technique specific to panic disorder aim to break the vicious cycle and restructure the patients' thoughts. The purpose of the review is to explain different concepts such as bibliotherapy, cognitive restructuring, Socratic questioning, relaxation techniques, systematic desensitization, exposure, psycho-education, coping strategies, homework and mindfulness techniques. The review also aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these concepts. Generally, CBT techniques can help patients regulate cognition by handling their emotions and behavior caused by thoughts. Thus, the study also examines internet-based CBT, family, and group therapy works used in the panic disorder CBT model. The literature shows that CBT is an effective therapy technique for panic disorder.