Elizabeth Reizis, D. Cai, Lee Serpas, Emily J Gleason, K. Martin, Kevin D. Foley, D. S. Copeland, Sebastian Kraves, E. Saavedra
{"title":"太空中淋巴细胞发育的分析:国际空间站上基于pcr的t细胞受体切除环(trec)扩增","authors":"Elizabeth Reizis, D. Cai, Lee Serpas, Emily J Gleason, K. Martin, Kevin D. Foley, D. S. Copeland, Sebastian Kraves, E. Saavedra","doi":"10.2478/gsr-2021-0012","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Spaceflight offers vast possibilities for expanding human exploration, whereas it also bears unique health risks. One of these risks is immune dysfunction, which can result in the reactivation of latent pathogens and increased susceptibility to infections. The ability to monitor the function of the immune system is critical for planning successful long-term space travel. T lymphocytes are immune cells that develop in the thymus and circulate in the blood. They can detect foreign, infected, or cancerous cells through T cell receptors (TCRs). The assembly of TCR gene segments, to produce functional TCR genes, can be monitored by measuring the presence of TCR excision circles (TRECs), circular fragments of DNA that are by-products of this assembly process mediated by the V(D)J recombination machinery. In this study, we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the International Space Station (ISS) to detect TRECs in murine peripheral blood. We were able to detect TRECs in the blood of normal healthy mice of different ages, with an efficiency comparable to that achieved in ground controls. As expected, we were unable to detect TRECs in the blood of immunodeficient mice. These results are the first step in optimizing a specific, rapid, safe, and cost-effective PCR-based assay to measure the integrity of mammalian immune systems during spaceflight.","PeriodicalId":90510,"journal":{"name":"Gravitational and space research : publication of the American Society for Gravitational and Space Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"159 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Toward the Analysis of Lymphocyte Development in Space: PCR-Based Amplification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) Aboard the International Space Station\",\"authors\":\"Elizabeth Reizis, D. Cai, Lee Serpas, Emily J Gleason, K. Martin, Kevin D. Foley, D. S. Copeland, Sebastian Kraves, E. Saavedra\",\"doi\":\"10.2478/gsr-2021-0012\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Abstract Spaceflight offers vast possibilities for expanding human exploration, whereas it also bears unique health risks. One of these risks is immune dysfunction, which can result in the reactivation of latent pathogens and increased susceptibility to infections. The ability to monitor the function of the immune system is critical for planning successful long-term space travel. T lymphocytes are immune cells that develop in the thymus and circulate in the blood. They can detect foreign, infected, or cancerous cells through T cell receptors (TCRs). The assembly of TCR gene segments, to produce functional TCR genes, can be monitored by measuring the presence of TCR excision circles (TRECs), circular fragments of DNA that are by-products of this assembly process mediated by the V(D)J recombination machinery. In this study, we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the International Space Station (ISS) to detect TRECs in murine peripheral blood. We were able to detect TRECs in the blood of normal healthy mice of different ages, with an efficiency comparable to that achieved in ground controls. As expected, we were unable to detect TRECs in the blood of immunodeficient mice. These results are the first step in optimizing a specific, rapid, safe, and cost-effective PCR-based assay to measure the integrity of mammalian immune systems during spaceflight.\",\"PeriodicalId\":90510,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Gravitational and space research : publication of the American Society for Gravitational and Space Research\",\"volume\":\"1 1\",\"pages\":\"159 - 163\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Gravitational and space research : publication of the American Society for Gravitational and Space Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.2478/gsr-2021-0012\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Gravitational and space research : publication of the American Society for Gravitational and Space Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2478/gsr-2021-0012","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Toward the Analysis of Lymphocyte Development in Space: PCR-Based Amplification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) Aboard the International Space Station
Abstract Spaceflight offers vast possibilities for expanding human exploration, whereas it also bears unique health risks. One of these risks is immune dysfunction, which can result in the reactivation of latent pathogens and increased susceptibility to infections. The ability to monitor the function of the immune system is critical for planning successful long-term space travel. T lymphocytes are immune cells that develop in the thymus and circulate in the blood. They can detect foreign, infected, or cancerous cells through T cell receptors (TCRs). The assembly of TCR gene segments, to produce functional TCR genes, can be monitored by measuring the presence of TCR excision circles (TRECs), circular fragments of DNA that are by-products of this assembly process mediated by the V(D)J recombination machinery. In this study, we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the International Space Station (ISS) to detect TRECs in murine peripheral blood. We were able to detect TRECs in the blood of normal healthy mice of different ages, with an efficiency comparable to that achieved in ground controls. As expected, we were unable to detect TRECs in the blood of immunodeficient mice. These results are the first step in optimizing a specific, rapid, safe, and cost-effective PCR-based assay to measure the integrity of mammalian immune systems during spaceflight.