碳化硅高分散氮化物粉末组合物的SHS研究进展

A. Amosov, Y. Titova, G. S. Belova, D. Maidan, A. F. Minekhanova
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摘要

采用自蔓延高温合成(SHS)技术,以最常见的难熔氮化物(Si3N4、AlN、TiN)和碳化物(SiC)为原料,制备了粒径小于1 μm的高度分散的粉末氮化物-碳化物。介绍了复合陶瓷相对于单相陶瓷材料的优势,以及复合陶瓷向纳米陶瓷过渡、复合体中纳米组分的原位直接化学合成等发展趋势。SHS工艺作为一种有前途的原位工艺具有简单和成本效益的特点,表明了通过燃烧廉价试剂的混合物获得高度分散的陶瓷粉末的可能性。基于叠氮化钠和气化卤化物盐作为氮化元素和碳化元素在氮气中燃烧的初始粉末混合物的一部分,对叠氮化SHS应用的结果给予了相当大的关注。本文综述了应用SHS制备高度分散的Si3N4-SiC、AlN-SiC和TiN-SiC复合粉体的相关文献,这些粉体有望用于烧结相应的亚微米和纳米级复合陶瓷材料,与由氮化物或碳化物制成的单相陶瓷材料相比,具有性能改善、脆性更低、可切削性好、烧结温度更低以及其他应用。从热力学计算结果和燃烧参数、燃烧产物结构和成分的实验研究结果两方面详细介绍了叠氮化物SHS的应用结果。讨论了利用燃烧法合成碳化硅氮化物的优缺点,缺点产生的原因及进一步研究的方向。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
SHS of highly dispersed powder compositions of nitrides with silicon carbide Review
The application of the process of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) to prepare highly dispersed powder nitride-carbide compositions from the most common refractory nitride (Si3N4, AlN, TiN) and carbide (SiC) compounds with a particle size of less than 1 μm is considered. The advantages of composite ceramics over single-phase ceramic materials and such trends of its development as the transition to nanostructured ceramics and the application of in situ processes of direct chemical synthesis of nanoparticles of components in the composite body are described. The attractiveness of the SHS process as one of the promising in situ processes characterized by simplicity and cost-effectiveness, the possibility of obtaining highly dispersed ceramic powders by burning mixtures of inexpensive reagents is shown. Considerable attention is paid to the consideration of the results of the application of azide SHS, based on the use of sodium azide and gasified halide salts as part of mixtures of initial powders of nitrided and carbidized elements during their combustion in nitrogen gas. The review of publications devoted to the application of SHS to obtain highly dispersed composite powders Si3N4–SiC, AlN–SiC and TiN–SiC, promising for use in sintering of the corresponding composite ceramic materials of submicron and nano-sized structure with improved properties, lower brittleness, good machinability, lower sintering temperatures compared with single-phase ceramic materials made of nitrides or carbides as well as for other applications, is presented. The results of the application of azide SHS are presented in detail both in the form of the results of thermodynamic calculations and the results of experimental research of combustion parameters, combustion product structure and composition. The advantages and disadvantages of using the combustion process for the synthesis of nitride compositions with silicon carbide, the causes of the disadvantages and the directions of further research to eliminate them are discussed.
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