柑桔叶、果斑病的空间分布及遮荫对病害强度的影响

GM crops Pub Date : 2023-01-06 DOI:10.3390/crops3010002
E. Ndo, E. Akoutou Mvondo, F. Bella Manga, L. Bidzanga Nomo, C. Cilas
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引用次数: 1

摘要

调整农业系统以应对持续的环境危害是全球关注的中心问题。有鉴于此,了解和突出农林复合系统的结构特征可以加强其在疾病管理方面的复原力。本试验研究了遮荫对柑桔伪cercospora (PLFSD)病发病强度的影响。在四个水果季节,对Bokito一个以可可为基础的农林业地块15岁的橘子树进行了树荫成分对PLFSD发病率的影响调查。在大树树荫下的橘子与在阳光下的橘子进行了比较。本研究在福恩博市的一个果园中,对葡萄柚幼苗与芒果和鳄梨进行了补充试验。研究了三种遮荫条件,即牛油果树下、芒果树下和无遮荫。收集和分析阴影和PLFSD发病率的数据。我们的研究结果表明,与阳光充足的柑橘叶片相比,遮荫下的柑橘叶片PLFSD发病率为零。在阴凉和充足阳光下的水果中也观察到同样的趋势。遮荫下的葡萄柚叶片的疾病发病率低于阳光充足的葡萄柚叶片。简而言之,遮荫树似乎构成了疾病进展的潜在物理障碍。该研究还强调了疾病的空间分布,在邻近树木间距超过12 m时,没有观察到疾病传播的空间依赖性。设想了基于柑橘树之间的距离和调节树荫的管理行动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Spatial Distribution of Citrus Pseudocercospora Leaf and Fruit Spot Disease and Shade Effect on Disease Intensity
Adapting agricultural systems to face persistent environmental hazards is at the center of global concerns. In line with this, understanding and highlighting the structural characteristics of agroforestry systems could strengthen their resilience in terms of disease management. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of shade on the intensity of citrus leaf and fruit spot disease caused by Pseudocercospora (PLFSD). Investigations to assess the effects of shade components on the incidence of PLFSD were carried out on 15-year-old tangerine trees in a cocoa-based agroforestry plot (Bokito) during four fruits seasons. Tangerines under the shade of large forest trees were compared to others located under full sunlight. A complementary experiment was conducted on young grapefruit plants in an orchard with mango and avocado groves in Foumbot. Three shading conditions, i.e., under avocado trees, under mango trees, and without shade, were explored. Data on shade and PLFSD incidence were collected and analyzed. Our findings show that PLFSD incidence was null on tangerine leaves from trees under shade compared to those under full sunlight. The same trends were observed in fruits under shade and under full sunlight. Disease incidence on grapefruit leaves was lower on trees under shade compared to those under full sunlight. In short, shade trees appear to constitute potential physical barriers to disease progression. This study also highlights disease spatial distribution as beyond 12 m of distance between neighboring trees, no spatial dependence of disease spread was observed. Management actions based on the distance between citrus trees and regulating shade are envisaged.
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