N. Shefer, T. Blyakharchuk, S. Loiko, L. Shumilovskikh, I. I. Gureyeva
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In the course of the research, we found 31 pollen taxa, 4 taxa of spore plants, 2 types of fungal spores, one species of shell amoeba and green algae. We have identified several stages in the development of the local wetland biocenosis at the study site and reconstructed the history of changes in the vegetation cover of the region, including changes in the composition of the woody vegetation. Grasslands, with groups of trees among thickets of shrubs and lake-mire complexes dominated in the study area by 11.2 cal ka BP. The grasslands were gradually supplemented by wet grass communities, which were then replaced by swamps and tundra complexes in the mid-Holocene. The time periods of the local fires have been established. The fire that had the greatest effect on the vegetation at the study site was detected in the period of 8.1 cal ka BP. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
全球气候变化和北极和亚北极地区显著增加的人为压力要求对过去的环境变化进行现代生态系统监测和理解。泥炭沉积物中记录的花粉谱反映了植被历史,是研究长期气候变化的主要方法之一。为了重建塔兹河下游南部冻土带现今的植被和火灾历史,我们对俄罗斯亚马尔-涅涅茨自治区塔佐夫斯基地区11.2 cal ka BP的泥炭和下伏湖泊沉积物进行了孢粉学探测。在研究过程中,我们发现了31个花粉分类群,4个孢子植物分类群,2种真菌孢子,1种壳变形虫和绿藻。我们确定了研究地点当地湿地生物群落发展的几个阶段,并重建了该地区植被覆盖的变化历史,包括木本植被组成的变化。在11.2 cal ka BP,研究区以草地为主,灌木灌丛中以乔木群为主,湖沼复合体为主。在全新世中期,草地逐渐被湿草群落所补充,然后被沼泽和冻土带复合体所取代。当地火灾发生的时间已经确定。对研究点植被影响最大的火灾发生在8.1 cal ka BP。我们发现了火灾活动最少的时期(7.6-5.5 cal ka BP)和最高的时期(12.5-8 cal ka BP)。
History of vegetation and fires in the Arctic part of the Pur-Taz interfluve in the Holocene
The global climate change and significantly increased anthropogenic pressure on the Arctic and Subarctic regions require modern ecosystem monitoring and understanding of the past environmental changes. Vegetation history is reflected by pollen spectra recorded in peat deposits, investigation of which is one of the main methods in the research of long-term climatic changes. In order to reconstruct the vegetation and fire history of today’s south tundra in the lower reaches of the Taz river, we carried out palynological exploration of peat and underlying lake sediments covering the last 11.2 cal ka BP in the Tazovsky district of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russia). In the course of the research, we found 31 pollen taxa, 4 taxa of spore plants, 2 types of fungal spores, one species of shell amoeba and green algae. We have identified several stages in the development of the local wetland biocenosis at the study site and reconstructed the history of changes in the vegetation cover of the region, including changes in the composition of the woody vegetation. Grasslands, with groups of trees among thickets of shrubs and lake-mire complexes dominated in the study area by 11.2 cal ka BP. The grasslands were gradually supplemented by wet grass communities, which were then replaced by swamps and tundra complexes in the mid-Holocene. The time periods of the local fires have been established. The fire that had the greatest effect on the vegetation at the study site was detected in the period of 8.1 cal ka BP. We have revealed periods of the least fire activity – 7.6–5.5 cal ka BP and the highest fire activity – 12.5–8 cal ka BP.
期刊介绍:
The mission of Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (AAAR) is to advance understanding of cold region environments by publishing original scientific research from past, present and future high-latitude and mountain regions. Rapid environmental change occurring in cold regions today highlights the global importance of this research. AAAR publishes peer-reviewed interdisciplinary papers including original research papers, short communications and review articles. Many of these papers synthesize a variety of disciplines including ecology, climatology, geomorphology, glaciology, hydrology, paleoceanography, biogeochemistry, and social science. Papers may be uni- or multidisciplinary but should have interdisciplinary appeal. Special thematic issues and proceedings are encouraged. The journal receives contributions from a diverse group of international authors from academia, government agencies, and land managers. In addition the journal publishes opinion pieces, book reviews and in memoria. AAAR is associated with the Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR) the oldest active research institute at the University of Colorado Boulder.