{"title":"LB-162:从成本-效果的角度来看,TTFields治疗> 65岁的老年胶质母细胞瘤患者","authors":"G. Guzauskas, E. Pollom, V. Stieber","doi":"10.1158/1538-7445.AM2019-LB-162","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the incremental cost effectiveness results of treating elderly Glioblastoma (GBM) patients age 65 years or older with tumor treating fields (TTFields) and maintenance Temozolomide (TMZ) versus maintenance TMZ alone with reported willingness to pay thresholds for cancer patients. Background: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive form of primary brain cancer in adults. Around half of the patients in the real-world setting are diagnosed at the age of 65 and older. The EF-14 trial demonstrated significantly increased five-year overall survival results for all patients in the TTFields plus TMZ group, with the subgroup of patients age 65 and older showing the greatest survival benefit from TTFields plus TMZ treatment. We report on the cost-effectiveness of adding TTFields from a U.S. health system perspective and recent literature on willingness to pay for cancer patients. Methods: We calculated the Incremental cost effectiveness ratio for patients above 65 years using TTFields as part of their first line treatment. Patient outcomes were simulated using a 3-state area under the curve model including alive with stable disease, progressed disease, and death. Survival was modeled over a lifetime horizon by integrating the 5-year survival results for elderly patients reported in the EF-14 trial with long-term GBM epidemiology data and U.S. background mortality rates. Data on patient utilities used to calculate quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were based on a previous analysis of GBM-specific health-state preferences. Frequency of adverse events associated with TTFields and TMZ were derived from the EF-14 trial for the patients over 65 years. Costs for adverse events and supportive care cost estimates were used according to published literature. Future survival benefits and costs were discounted to present value at a rate of 3%. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to assess result uncertainty due to parameter variability. A literature research with specific focus on willingness to pay threshold for elderly patients was conducted and the results of the ICER for using TTFields are discussed and compared to the literature. Results: Willingness to pay thresholds is rarely reported separately for older patients. The recent literature reports a large scale of willingness to pay thresholds for cancer patient in general. For patients treated with TTFields and maintenance TMZ the resulting ICER was $109,500 per life year gained (LYG) and $142,400 per QALY gained. The probability of TTFields being cost-effective was 85% at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $200,000 per QALY. Conclusions: TTFields therapy, evaluated at its full list price, demonstrated a high probability of cost-effectiveness at willingness-to-pay thresholds reported in economic literature for the United States. Treating newly diagnosed GBM patients over 65 years of age with TTFields and TMZ has the potential to increase mean lifetime survival and quality-adjusted survival substantially compared to treatment with TMZ alone. These results indicate that patients over age 65 may not only benefit from TTFields treatment more than other subgroups, but also that their treatment may be more cost-effective. Citation Format: Gregory F. Guzauskas, Erqi L. Pollom, Volker W. Stieber. Treating elderly glioblastoma patients > 65 years with TTFields - a cost-effectiveness perspective [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-162.","PeriodicalId":21579,"journal":{"name":"Science and Health Policy","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Abstract LB-162: Treating elderly glioblastoma patients > 65 years with TTFields - a cost-effectiveness perspective\",\"authors\":\"G. Guzauskas, E. Pollom, V. Stieber\",\"doi\":\"10.1158/1538-7445.AM2019-LB-162\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Objective: To compare the incremental cost effectiveness results of treating elderly Glioblastoma (GBM) patients age 65 years or older with tumor treating fields (TTFields) and maintenance Temozolomide (TMZ) versus maintenance TMZ alone with reported willingness to pay thresholds for cancer patients. Background: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive form of primary brain cancer in adults. Around half of the patients in the real-world setting are diagnosed at the age of 65 and older. The EF-14 trial demonstrated significantly increased five-year overall survival results for all patients in the TTFields plus TMZ group, with the subgroup of patients age 65 and older showing the greatest survival benefit from TTFields plus TMZ treatment. We report on the cost-effectiveness of adding TTFields from a U.S. health system perspective and recent literature on willingness to pay for cancer patients. Methods: We calculated the Incremental cost effectiveness ratio for patients above 65 years using TTFields as part of their first line treatment. Patient outcomes were simulated using a 3-state area under the curve model including alive with stable disease, progressed disease, and death. Survival was modeled over a lifetime horizon by integrating the 5-year survival results for elderly patients reported in the EF-14 trial with long-term GBM epidemiology data and U.S. background mortality rates. Data on patient utilities used to calculate quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were based on a previous analysis of GBM-specific health-state preferences. Frequency of adverse events associated with TTFields and TMZ were derived from the EF-14 trial for the patients over 65 years. Costs for adverse events and supportive care cost estimates were used according to published literature. Future survival benefits and costs were discounted to present value at a rate of 3%. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to assess result uncertainty due to parameter variability. A literature research with specific focus on willingness to pay threshold for elderly patients was conducted and the results of the ICER for using TTFields are discussed and compared to the literature. Results: Willingness to pay thresholds is rarely reported separately for older patients. The recent literature reports a large scale of willingness to pay thresholds for cancer patient in general. For patients treated with TTFields and maintenance TMZ the resulting ICER was $109,500 per life year gained (LYG) and $142,400 per QALY gained. The probability of TTFields being cost-effective was 85% at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $200,000 per QALY. Conclusions: TTFields therapy, evaluated at its full list price, demonstrated a high probability of cost-effectiveness at willingness-to-pay thresholds reported in economic literature for the United States. Treating newly diagnosed GBM patients over 65 years of age with TTFields and TMZ has the potential to increase mean lifetime survival and quality-adjusted survival substantially compared to treatment with TMZ alone. These results indicate that patients over age 65 may not only benefit from TTFields treatment more than other subgroups, but also that their treatment may be more cost-effective. Citation Format: Gregory F. Guzauskas, Erqi L. Pollom, Volker W. Stieber. Treating elderly glioblastoma patients > 65 years with TTFields - a cost-effectiveness perspective [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目的:比较65岁或以上的老年胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)患者使用肿瘤治疗野(TTFields)和维持替莫唑胺(TMZ)与单独维持TMZ治疗的增量成本-效果结果,并报告癌症患者的支付意愿阈值。背景:胶质母细胞瘤是成人原发性脑癌中最具侵袭性的形式。在现实世界中,大约一半的患者在65岁及以上被诊断出来。EF-14试验显示TTFields + TMZ组所有患者的5年总生存期显著提高,65岁及以上患者亚组显示TTFields + TMZ治疗的最大生存获益。我们从美国卫生系统的角度报道了增加TTFields的成本效益,以及最近关于癌症患者支付意愿的文献。方法:我们计算了65岁以上患者使用TTFields作为一线治疗的增量成本-效果比。采用曲线模型下的三状态区来模拟患者的预后,包括病情稳定、病情进展和死亡。通过将EF-14试验中报告的老年患者的5年生存结果与长期GBM流行病学数据和美国背景死亡率相结合,建立了终身生存模型。用于计算质量调整生命年(QALYs)的患者效用数据基于先前对gbm特异性健康状态偏好的分析。与TTFields和TMZ相关的不良事件频率来自65岁以上患者的EF-14试验。不良事件的成本和支持治疗的成本估计是根据已发表的文献。未来生存收益和成本以3%的比率贴现为现值。进行了单向和概率敏感性分析,以评估由于参数变异性导致的结果不确定性。针对老年患者的支付意愿阈值进行了文献研究,讨论了使用TTFields的ICER结果,并与文献进行了对比。结果:很少单独报告老年患者的支付意愿阈值。最近的文献报道了大规模的癌症患者的支付意愿阈值。对于接受TTFields和维持TMZ治疗的患者,最终的ICER为每个生命年(LYG)增加109,500美元,每个QALY增加142,400美元。在每个QALY 20万美元的支付意愿阈值下,TTFields具有成本效益的概率为85%。结论:TTFields疗法,以其全部定价进行评估,在美国经济文献中报道的支付意愿阈值上显示出很高的成本效益可能性。与单独使用TMZ治疗相比,使用TTFields和TMZ治疗65岁以上新诊断的GBM患者有可能大大增加平均终身生存和质量调整生存。这些结果表明,65岁以上的患者不仅可能比其他亚组更受益于TTFields治疗,而且他们的治疗可能更具成本效益。引用格式:Gregory F. Guzauskas, Erqi L. Pollom, Volker W. Stieber。从成本-效果的角度看TTFields治疗老年胶质母细胞瘤患者[摘要]。摘自:2019年美国癌症研究协会年会论文集;2019年3月29日至4月3日;亚特兰大,乔治亚州。费城(PA): AACR;癌症杂志,2019;79(13增刊):摘要nr LB-162。
Abstract LB-162: Treating elderly glioblastoma patients > 65 years with TTFields - a cost-effectiveness perspective
Objective: To compare the incremental cost effectiveness results of treating elderly Glioblastoma (GBM) patients age 65 years or older with tumor treating fields (TTFields) and maintenance Temozolomide (TMZ) versus maintenance TMZ alone with reported willingness to pay thresholds for cancer patients. Background: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive form of primary brain cancer in adults. Around half of the patients in the real-world setting are diagnosed at the age of 65 and older. The EF-14 trial demonstrated significantly increased five-year overall survival results for all patients in the TTFields plus TMZ group, with the subgroup of patients age 65 and older showing the greatest survival benefit from TTFields plus TMZ treatment. We report on the cost-effectiveness of adding TTFields from a U.S. health system perspective and recent literature on willingness to pay for cancer patients. Methods: We calculated the Incremental cost effectiveness ratio for patients above 65 years using TTFields as part of their first line treatment. Patient outcomes were simulated using a 3-state area under the curve model including alive with stable disease, progressed disease, and death. Survival was modeled over a lifetime horizon by integrating the 5-year survival results for elderly patients reported in the EF-14 trial with long-term GBM epidemiology data and U.S. background mortality rates. Data on patient utilities used to calculate quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were based on a previous analysis of GBM-specific health-state preferences. Frequency of adverse events associated with TTFields and TMZ were derived from the EF-14 trial for the patients over 65 years. Costs for adverse events and supportive care cost estimates were used according to published literature. Future survival benefits and costs were discounted to present value at a rate of 3%. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to assess result uncertainty due to parameter variability. A literature research with specific focus on willingness to pay threshold for elderly patients was conducted and the results of the ICER for using TTFields are discussed and compared to the literature. Results: Willingness to pay thresholds is rarely reported separately for older patients. The recent literature reports a large scale of willingness to pay thresholds for cancer patient in general. For patients treated with TTFields and maintenance TMZ the resulting ICER was $109,500 per life year gained (LYG) and $142,400 per QALY gained. The probability of TTFields being cost-effective was 85% at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $200,000 per QALY. Conclusions: TTFields therapy, evaluated at its full list price, demonstrated a high probability of cost-effectiveness at willingness-to-pay thresholds reported in economic literature for the United States. Treating newly diagnosed GBM patients over 65 years of age with TTFields and TMZ has the potential to increase mean lifetime survival and quality-adjusted survival substantially compared to treatment with TMZ alone. These results indicate that patients over age 65 may not only benefit from TTFields treatment more than other subgroups, but also that their treatment may be more cost-effective. Citation Format: Gregory F. Guzauskas, Erqi L. Pollom, Volker W. Stieber. Treating elderly glioblastoma patients > 65 years with TTFields - a cost-effectiveness perspective [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-162.