重金属的微生物修复

A. Giriyan, V. B. Berde, E. Pereira, Chanda Parulekar-Berde
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引用次数: 3

摘要

重金属是天然存在的。人为活动和快速的工业化导致它们前所未有地释放到环境中。它们在自然界中是不可生物降解的,在环境中会持续存在。这些金属的长期暴露和积累对生态系统构成严重威胁。无论是土壤还是水,污染物质的常规处理都涉及昂贵的化学或物理方法,这些方法既费力又耗能,而且有二次污染的风险。因此,有必要采用可持续的补救程序来缓解这一问题。生物修复过程是可取的,因为它们对环境安全,技术经济上可行,并且不会产生有毒副产品。微生物生物修复尤其具有吸引力,因为它允许通过利用自然发生的分解代谢能力来转化、积累和吸附金属进行解毒的修复过程。这是一种成本相对较低的技术。因此,微生物生物修复作为物理化学方法的替代方法是很有前途的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Microbial Bioremediation of Heavy Metals
Heavy metals are found naturally. Anthropogenic activities and rapid industrialization have led to their unprecedented release into the environment. Being non-biodegradable in nature, they persist in the environment. Prolonged exposure and accumulation of these metals poses a serious threat to the ecosystem. Conventional treatment of contaminated material whether soil or water involves expensive chemical or physical methods which are arduous, energy demanding, and carry the risk of secondary contamination. It is thus necessary to adopt a sustainable remediation process to mitigate this problem. Biological remediation processes are preferable as they are environmentally safe, techno-economically feasible, and do not generate toxic byproducts. Microbial bioremediation is particularly attractive as it allows remediation processes by tapping naturally occurring catabolic capacities to transform, accumulate, and adsorb metals for detoxification. It is a comparatively low-cost technology. Therefore, microbial bioremediation is promising as an alternative to physico-chemical methods.
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