Effect of corrugated side-walls on plane turbulent wall jets in narrow channels

An experimental study is presented to investigate the effect of corrugated sidewalls on submerged wall jets in narrow channels. Experiments were performed in a flume 0.3 m wide, 0.5 m deep, and 13.5 m long. Jets issued under the gate with a fixed thickness of 2.5 cm and the tailwater depth was adjusted to 37.5 cm, giving a fixed tailwater depth ratio y_t/b_o = 15. Experiments were conducted for five slot Froude numbers 2, 3, 4. 5, and 6. The Reynolds number ranged between 24712 and 74136. Three sets of experiments of five runs each, were performed. In Set A, the experiments were performed with smooth sidewalls whereas in Sets B and C, two arrangements of corrugated sidewalls (with gaps and with no gaps) were used, respectively. Velocity profiles along the centerline of the flume, water surface profile and the eddy length were measured for each experiment. It was found that the corrugations with gaps caused the largest decay in the maximum velocity; however, the effect of the presence of the sidewall corrugations on the velocity decay diminishes with the Froude number. Furthermore, the corrugated sidewalls with no gaps were observed to induce more flow entrainment and therefore cause a steep increase in the jet discharge and momentum flux near the slot. However, the corrugated sidewalls with gaps induced more mixing and diffusion, farther downstream from the slot, and caused a faster decay in the jet discharge and momentum. The use of corrugated sidewalls is introduced in this study as an alternative technique, to corrugated beds, to be used for energy dissipation in narrow channels. The sidewall corrugations are easier to maintain as less debris/sediments are trapped in between the corrugations. In addition, if channel maintenance is required, the movement of the maintenance facilities on a smooth bed would be much easier than that on a corrugated bed. Moreover, the sidewall corrugations will not be damaged during the maintenance process.