对印度、美国和欧洲打击假药法规的研究

IF 0.2 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY
K. Raju, L. Nori, T. Varma, LakshmiSri Naga Valli Nulu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

假冒是故意和欺诈性生产的产品,包括贴错标签,试图故意改变其身份和来源,使其看起来像真实的,因为它是关于原始产品。假药是指不含任何活性药物成分(API)、质量不合格的API或原料药的一小部分被标注为不同的API、交叉污染的API和重新包装的过期产品,包括配方不正确和在不合格条件下生产的产品。像类固醇、抗生素、癌症治疗药物、疫苗、抗病毒药物和抗组胺药等昂贵药物的广泛需求是伪造的目标。受骗购买假药的患者是那些试图购买打折药物并参与不当使用的人。这些仿冒品的标签与正品几乎相同,制造成本更低。假药杀死并威胁到被虚假表象欺骗的受虐待患者的生命。药品和保健用品不同于其他商品,它们的假货也不同于其他假货。他们被误导的特征所欺骗,每天伤害和冒着一些受虐待受害者的生命危险。这种术语和定义的多样性,可能因国家而异,导致世界范围内对这一问题缺乏认识。欧盟主要喜欢用“伪造”这个词,最近用了“伪造”这个词,尽管美国更喜欢用“虚假”或“伪造”这个词。我们必须理解“药品”这个短语及其含义,才能定义用于描述假冒伪劣产品的许多术语。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A study of regulations combating counterfeit medicines across India, USA, and Europe
Counterfeiting is the deliberate and fraudulent production of products including mislabeling in attempts to deliberately morph its identity and source for making its appearance as genuine and as it is concerning the original product. Counterfeit medicines are pharmaceutical medicinal products without anyActive pharmaceutical ingredient (API), substandard quality API, or a fraction of the original amount of API stated as a different API, cross-contaminated API, and expiry products that are repacked including formulations done incorrectly and produced in substandard conditions. Expensive drug's extensive demand like steroids, antibiotics, cancer-treating drugs, vaccines, antivirals, and antihistamines are targets for counterfeiting. Patients deceived into buying counterfeit drugs are people seeking to buy discounted medications and involved in inappropriate usage. With identical labels as well as nearly resemblance to originals, these counterfeits are cheaper to make. Counterfeit medicines kill and threaten the lives of abused patients, fooled by false appearances. Medicines and health-care items are different from other commodities, and their fakes are different from other fakes. They are deceived by misleading characteristics and harm and risk the lives of several mistreated victims daily. This variety of terms and definitions, which might differ from one nation to the next, leads to a lack of awareness of the issue on a worldwide scale. The European Union's mainly prefers the term “counterfeiting,” lately the phrase “falsification” even if the US uses the phrase “false” or “fake” more. We must comprehend the phrase “medicine” and its meanings to define the many terminologies used to describe counterfeiting.
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