一个关于闸门涵洞对鱼道修复工作潜在影响的警示故事

IF 4.6 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
L. Baumgartner, M. Barwick, C. Boys, T. Marsden, K. Martin, J. McPherson, N. Ning, Oudom Phonekhampeng, W. Robinson, D. Singhanouvong, I. Stuart, G. Thorncraft
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引用次数: 6

摘要

摘要鱼道-涵洞组合设施在东南亚许多热带水系中很常见,但对其相互通过的有效性知之甚少。我们通过湄公河与邻近湿地之间的一个锥形鱼道-水闸涵洞设施,研究了老挝湄公河下游流域鱼类的横向通道。在2014年雨季开始时,对鱼道涵洞设施内的三个地点的鱼类丰度和物种丰富度进行了评估:(i)鱼道底部(即设施的下游末端);(ii)鱼道顶部;(iii)涵洞顶部(即设施的上游端)。三个地点的鱼类总丰度和物种丰富度均无显著差异,而湿地仍处于涵洞部分淹没和涵洞门完全打开的水平。然而,在进行研究的中途,涵洞完全被淹没,涵洞闸门不得不部分关闭,以保护下游的鱼道。在部分闭闸期间,涵洞顶部的鱼类丰度和物种丰富度明显低于两个鱼道位置。这表明,当水闸涵洞根据当地水文条件进行适当设计和操作时,它们的闸门保持完全打开,在促进热带河流系统中鱼类的横向移动方面最有效。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A cautionary tale about the potential impacts of gated culverts on fish passage restoration efforts
Abstract Combined fishway-culvert facilities are common in many tropical river systems in South East Asia, but little is known regarding their mutual passage effectiveness. We investigated the lateral passage of Lower Mekong Basin fish in Lao PDR, through a combined cone fishway-sluice gate culvert facility between the Mekong River and an adjacent wetland. Fish abundance and species richness were assessed during the beginning of the 2014 wet season at three locations within the fishway-culvert facility: (i) the bottom of the fishway (i.e. downstream end of the facility); (ii) the top of the fishway; and (iii) the top of the culvert (i.e. upstream end of the facility). Neither total fish abundance nor species richness varied significantly among the three locations while the wetland remained at levels where the culvert was only partially inundated and the culvert gate was fully open. However, part-way through the study the culvert became completely inundated and the culvert gate had to be partially closed to protect the downstream fishway. During this period of partial gate closure, fish abundance and species richness became significantly lower at the top of the culvert than at the two fishway locations. This suggests that sluice gate culverts are most effective at facilitating the lateral movement of fish in tropical river systems when they are designed and operated appropriately for the local hydrological conditions, and their gates remain fully open.
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