Dynamic State Estimation of Synchronous Machines Using Iterated Square-Root Cubature Kalman Filter and Synchrophasor Measurements

Power system dynamic state estimation is the first prerequisite for control and stability prediction under transient conditions. For a stable and reliable power system, it is crucial and helpful to have accurate, precise, and up-to-date information on the states of the synchronous machines- rotor angle and rotor speed deviation. This paper proposes an application of the Iterated Square-root Cubature Kalman filter (ISCKF) to estimate these main states of synchronous generators. The ISCKF method consists of two step modification - one is the square-root step modification of CKF and the next step is the addition of iterative approach to the square-root CKF method. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach during a three-phase short circuit fault, the simulation results, are compared with that of Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) and Cubature Kalman Filter (CKF). The test systems considered are a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system, an IEEE 9-bus system and a 19-generator 42-bus test system. The estimation accuracy of the rotor angle using ISCKF method is increased by 6.8–36.54% when compared to that of the CKF method. Similarly, the improvement in accuracy is 4.4–28.57% for estimation of speed deviation.