Y. Panikratova, R. Vlasova, I. Lebedeva, V. Sinitsyn, E. Pechenkova
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引用次数: 0
摘要
Lev Vygotsky和Alexander Luria提出的高级心理功能的系统动态定位理论,是基于对局部脑损伤患者高级心理功能缺陷进行证候分析这一独创方法获得的数据。当这一理论形成时,大脑研究的技术方法还处于初级阶段。尽管在后来的几年里,Luria和他的门徒指出,这些方法对苏联/俄罗斯神经心理学的进一步发展是突出的,但这些科学家的追随者仍然很少使用它们。在这篇文章中,我们关注的是在俄罗斯无创和最容易获得的神经成像和神经刺激方法:结构、扩散加权和功能磁共振成像,以及经颅磁刺激。我们讨论了它们的范围和观点,以解决神经心理学的研究问题,并描述了局部脑损伤患者和健康个体的神经心理学研究的可能设计。
Scope and Perspectives of Neuroimaging and Neurostimulation to Develop the Theory of Systemic and Dynamic Localization of Higher Mental Functions
The theory of systemic and dynamic localization of higher mental functions by Lev Vygotsky and Alexander Luria was based on the data obtained via an original method, syndrome analysis of deficits of higher mental functions in patients with local brain injury. When this theory was being constructed, technical methods for brain investigation were only in their early stages. Although in later years Luria and his disciples pointed out that such methods were prominent for further development of Soviet/Russian neuropsychology, they are still rarely used by the followers of these scientists. In this article, we focus on neuroimaging and neurostimulation methods that are both noninvasive and the most accessible in Russia: structural, diffusion-weighted, and functional magnetic resonance imaging, as well as transcranial magnetic stimulation. We discuss their scope and perspectives for addressing research questions in neuropsychology and describe possible designs for neuropsychological studies in patients with local brain injury and healthy individuals.