遗传密码基础上的对称和最小原则

A. Sciarrino, P.Sorba
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对称概念在物理学中的重要性是公认的:它是否也适用于遗传密码?本着这种精神,几年前有人提出了一个基于连续对称的遗传密码模型,名为“晶体基模型”。本文回顾了该模型的一些最初的应用以及它最近的发展。事实上,在对我们的数学模型进行了有动机的介绍之后,我们通过将其应用于密码子使用概率的和规则的阐述和验证,以及建立氨基酸的物理化学性质之间的关系和一些预测,来说明其针对性。然后,在这种情况下定义核苷酸和密码子的“生物自旋”结构,一对密码子-反密码子之间的相互作用可以简单地用(生物)自旋-自旋势来表示。这种方法将构成论文的第二部分,其中,施加最小能量原理,遗传密码的进化分析可以与普遍接受的方案很好地一致进行。对这种相互作用模型的更精确的研究提供了关于密码子偏差的信息,与数据一致。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Symmetry and Minimum Principle at the Basis of the Genetic Code
The importance of the notion of symmetry in physics is well established: could it also be the case for the genetic code? In this spirit, a model for the Genetic Code based on continuous symmetries and entitled the "Crystal Basis Model" has been proposed a few years ago. The present paper is a review of the model, of some of its first applications as well as of its recent developments. Indeed, after a motivated presentation of our mathematical model, we illustrate its pertinence by applying it for the elaboration and verification of sum rules for codon usage probabilities, as well as for establishing relations and some predictions between physical-chemical properties of amino-acids. Then, defining in this context a "bio-spin" structure for the nucleotides and codons, the interaction between a couple of codon-anticodon can simply be represented by a (bio) spin-spin potential. This approach will constitute the second part of the paper where, imposing the minimum energy principle, an analysis of the evolution of the genetic code can be performed with good agreement with the generally accepted scheme. A more precise study of this interaction model provides informations on codon bias, consistent with data.
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