Study and Detection of Different Adulteration in Milk: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract  Milk is one of the best sources for protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamin and minerals. Although milk is the normal mammary secretion which derived from complete milking of healthy milk animal without either addition or extraction from. However, there are many illegal substance like hydrogen peroxide, formalin, cane sugar, starch, neutralizers, detergents, pulverized soap, salt, glucose, urea, ammonium sulphate, skim milk powder, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, borax and boric acid added in natural milk to increase its marketability and decrease the nutritive value of milk but among them water, urea, and, detergents are common components to added in milk. Qualitative analysis method is organized to be an adulterant based study instead of technique based one, where it is used to identify adulterants.  In recent year, this study explains in detail the hygienic status of milk supplied to various canteens of educational institutes, public place, various cafes, and small hotels. This paper presents a detailed review of detection of different adulteration in milk by chemical test. Milk adulteration was a global concern and social problem in both backward and advanced countries.  Many illegal substances added in milk due to increased demand, growth in competition in dairy industry and financial gain makes the some producers to adulterate the milk because of lack of monitoring and policies. Consumption of various adulterated milk causes serious health hazards which leads to diseases such as vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, gastric ulcer, colon ulcer and nausea and a great concern to the food. There are many chemical preservatives like formalin, hydrogen peroxide, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, bicarbonates, carbonates, caustic soda and antibiotics are added to increase shelf life of adulterated milk. Starch, cane sugar, fat ammonium sulphate and arrowroot added to the diluted milk to maintain viscosity and specific gravity. Keywords: Adulterant, qualitative analysis, Fresh milk, packed milk, health hazards. Cite this Article Nandkishor Virani, Pooja Chavda. Study and Detection of Different Adulteration in Milk: A Comprehensive Review. Research & Reviews: Journal of Dairy Science & Technology . 2020; 9(1): 1–9p.