A comparative perspective of Competition Law cases in the ride-sharing industry: reflections from Singapore, EU, and India

ABSTRACT This study studies the effect and the content of competition law engaged in the app-based ride- sharing industry. This has been done primarily with the help of critically analysing case law across three jurisdictions adjudicated by competition regulatory authorities with respect to the ride sharing industry. The three jurisdictions chosen for the study are India, Singapore, and the European Union in order to analyze a variety of the perspectives of the competition regulatory authorities. The primary objective of the study is to understand the meaning of the term market definition and how competition regulatory authorities have delineated the relevant market with respect to this industry since it is a part of the digital economy and is relatively new. Through this study, hurdles to delineating a relevant market were analyzed through the case law as well as understanding why a common market definition has not been framed across jurisdictions as well as within the same jurisdiction, as seen in the case of India.