三种可替代豆科作物的农业形态评价

Sofiya Petrova
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摘要

豆类作物是农业生物多样性和粮食安全的重要组成部分,因为它是富含蛋白质的食物和饲料,也是收入来源。本研究的目的是评价3种豆科作物(红豆、红豆和紫豆)的农业形态多样性,并筛选具有高产潜力的最佳材料。根据各作物的国际描述符对其农业形态性状进行评价。在株高、第一荚高、单株荚果数、单株粒数、单株粒数、单株粒质量和百粒质量等农艺性状上,各材料变异较大;苜蓿的单株粒数和单株粒质量,苜蓿的单株粒高、单株荚数、单株粒数和单株粒质量。豆科杂交种的数量性状变异表现出较高的遗传多样性。这组早期草种共有12种。3个地方鹰嘴豆群体的营养期最短,为86.7 d。早期组的2个苦豌豆品种具有正的产量性状。根据本研究的结果,筛选出了最佳材料,如:从西芹(Cicer arietinum L.) - 7个材料;来自Lathyrus sp. L. -五份,来自Vicia ervilia L. -五份。根据这些结果,可以得出结论,最好的材料将用于下一步的试验,并将推荐给所有感兴趣的研究人员、育种者和农民。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Agro-morphological assessment of three alternative grain legume crops
The grain legume crops are an important component of agricultural biodiversity and food security, because of the rich protein food and fodder, and a source of income. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the agro-morphological diversity of three alternative grain legume crops (Cicer arietinum L., Lathyrus sp. L. and Vicia ervilia L.) and to select the best accessions with a high yield potential. The assessment of the agro-morphological traits was performed according to the International Descriptors’ of each crop. High variation for Lathyrus sp. L. accessions was observed in the following agronomic traits: plant height, height to the first pod, number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, mass of grains per plant and mass of 100 grains; for Cicer arietinum L. - number of grains per plant and mass of grains per plant and for Vicia ervilia L. - height to the first pod, number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant and mass of grains per plant. The variability of quantitative traits has shown a high genetic diversity in the evaluated accessions from alternative grain legume collections. The group of early grasspea accessions embraced twelve accessions. Three local chickpea populations had the shortest vegetative period from 86.7 days. Two bitter vetch accessions from the early group possessed positive yield traits. Based on the results obtained from this study, the best accessions were selected, for example: from Cicer arietinum L. - seven accessions; from Lathyrus sp. L. – five accessions and from Vicia ervilia L. – five accessions. According to these results, it can be concluded that the best accessions will be used for the next experimental trials and will be recommended to all interested researchers, breeders and farmers.
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