从高度可变的原料中开发高效乳化剂以提高流体稳定性:性能分析和现场应用

S. Maghrabi, Delores Smith, A. Engel, Jennifer Henry, Joseph Fandel
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本报告展示了用于反乳液(油基)钻井液的高效一级和二级乳化剂的进一步发展。这些一级和二级乳化剂是从两个独立的炼油厂原油侧流(CTO)中开发出来的。由于这些选择的侧流中成分的高度变化,它们在历史上没有被考虑用于产品开发。我们通过设定精确的规格,并将产品成分的各个方面与钻井液应用中的期望性能联系起来,来应对成分变化的挑战。这些侧流在工程反应条件下衍生,在不影响性能的情况下开发出高效的一级和二级乳化剂。总体而言,研究人员进行了详细的测试,以确定乳化剂在不同基础油(矿物油和柴油)、不同泥浆比重(12 - 16 ppg)、高温下的性能,以及在不同流变性和高压高温(HPHT)失滤的流体体系中的性能。物理性能包括产品粘度和倾点也被确定。所开发的高效一级和二级乳化剂的性能与本研究中测试的工业可用乳化剂相当或优于工业可用乳化剂。与本研究中测试的工业标准相比,高效的一级乳化剂显示出更低的倾点和更低的产品粘度。介绍了该高效一级乳化剂在美国的新应用情况。另一方面,与常规和聚合物流体的行业标准相比,二级乳化剂提供了稳定的流变性,并改善了流体损失的控制。所研制的高效一级和二级乳化剂的乳化剂包在由不同的增粘剂和降滤失剂(FLAs)组成的各种流体体系中提供稳定的流体。高效的一级和二级乳化剂是从高度可变的原料中开发出来的。初级乳化剂的物理性质使其成为寒冷气候的有价值的候选者,因为它易于处理。高效的二次乳化剂可以提供稳定的流变性和控制滤失。乳化剂包在不同的流体体系中具有相当的性能。这份手稿是我们之前研究的延续(Maghrabi et al. 2018)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Developing Efficient Emulsifiers for Improved Fluid Stability from Highly Variable Raw Materials: Performance Analysis and Field Application
This presentation demonstrates further development of efficient primary and secondary emulsifiers for invert emulsion (oil-based) drilling fluids. These primary and secondary emulsifiers were developed from two separate refinery side streams of crude tall oil (CTO). Due to the high degree of compositional variation in these selected side streams, they were not historically considered for product development. We managed the composition variation challenge by setting precise specifications and connecting aspects of product composition with desired performance in the drilling fluid application. These side streams were derivatized under engineered reaction conditions to develop the efficient primary and secondary emulsifiers without compromising performance. Overall, detailed testing was performed to determine the emulsifier performance in different base oils (mineral oil and diesel), at different mud weights (12 – 16 ppg), at elevated temperatures, and in different fluid systems characterized by rheology and high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) fluid loss. Physical properties including product viscosity and pour points were also determined. The developed efficient primary and secondary emulsifiers performed on par or outperformed the industry-available emulsifiers tested in this study. The efficient primary emulsifier demonstrated lower pour points and lower product viscosity as compared to the industry standards tested in this study. A new field application of this efficient primary emulsifier in the U.S. will be presented. On the other hand, the secondary emulsifier provided stable rheology with improved controlled fluid loss as compared to the industry standards in both conventional and polymer fluids. The emulsifier package of the developed efficient primary and secondary emulsifiers provided stable fluids in various fluid systems which were composed of different viscosifiers and fluid loss additives (FLAs). The efficient primary and secondary emulsifiers were developed from highly variable raw materials. The physical properties of the primary emulsifier present it as a valued candidate for cold climate since it's easy to handle. The efficient secondary emulsifier can provide stable rheology with controlled fluid loss. The emulsifier package gave comparable performance across different fluid systems. This manuscript is a continuation of our previous research (Maghrabi et al. 2018).
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