Molecular and Biochemical Studies on Some Natural Compounds and Their Effect on the Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats and Their Role in Treatment

Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering &Biotechnology Research Institute University of Sadat City, Egypt 2 Clinical Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Egypt 3 Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt DOI: 10.21608/jbaar.2021.208849 Abstract Background: The number of individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) worldwide has more than doubled over the past three decades, and it has been predicted that the number of diabetic patients would increase to 439 million by 2030, so many efforts are being made to find a new and effective treatment for diabetes mellitus. Objective: This work aims to study the biochemical and molecular effect of the Moringa oleifera MO and Ficus sycomorus FLE in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and compare them with the effect of metformin, by estimation of the expression of β-actin and glucose transporter GLUT2, GLUT4, and Insulin Receptors genes in studied groups, Determination of fasting blood glucose and insulin levels before and after induction of (STZ), Quantitative estimation serum cholesterol, TG levels, HDL, LDL, Some antioxidant enzyme activity Glutathione peroxidase, catalase and lipid peroxidation in plasma. Results: MO and FLE showed promising anti-diabetic potential in diabetic-bearing albino mice which can be attributed to its anti-inflammatory effect. This could serve as a stepping stone towards the discovery of newer safe and effective anti-diabetic treatment.