通过化学和生物方法获得的纳米结构纤维素的形态和物理化学性质

IF 0.4 Q4 BIOLOGY
Sirina Zhantlessova, I. Savitskaya, Z. Mansurov, Zh. Khamitkyzy, Natalia Vassilyeva, A. Talipova, G. Smagulova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

作者利用生物和化学两种方法获得了化学纯度、结晶性、微结构和纳米结构的各种改性纤维素样品。他们通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析和红外光谱(IR)研究了这些纤维素样品。为了制备纤维素微晶体,他们使用了基于甘油-酸混合物的温和酸处理方法来处理棉纤维。他们表明,棉纤维的化学处理确保了它的分散,产生了微晶体,周围是一个部分保存的非晶壳。利用Komagataeibacter xylinus C3菌株在地表培养条件下制备细菌纤维素(BC)膜。为了获得更高质量的SEM图像,他们采用了脂质和蛋白质的化学固定和临界干燥来固定细菌细胞合成纳米纤维的过程。两步固定方法有助于发现纤维素膜的纤维结构,而细菌细胞的形态没有变形。对化学合成的纤维素微晶与BC的红外光谱结果进行了对比分析。所得的纤维素样品不含木质素和半纤维素,这两种样品都是高度结晶的。BC结构有序,结晶度高,在空气中热解时会碳化。样品的热重分析表明不存在热稳定的杂质。生物和化学来源的纤维素样品都是热稳定的,对纤维素材料来说,初始分解温度足够高。这些结果表明,作者已经成功地创造了纳米纤维素材料,可能在各个行业中有潜在的应用,如制药、功能复合材料、工程等。全文包含图6张,表2张,参考文献29篇。作者声明无利益冲突。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Morphological and Physicochemical Properties of Nanostructured Cellulose Obtained through Chemical and Biological Methods
The authors obtained samples of chemically pure, crystalline, micro-and nanostructured cellulose of various modifications using two approaches - biological and chemical. They studied these cellulose samples via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. To prepare cellulose microcrystals, they used the mild acid treatment method based on glycerol-acid mixtures for treating cotton fibers. They showed that the chemical processing of cotton fiber ensured its dispersion with generation of microcrystals surrounded by a partially preserved amorphous shell. The authors produced bacterial cellulose (BC) films using the Komagataeibacter xylinus C3 strain in surface cultivation conditions. With a view of obtaining higher-quality SEM images, they applied chemical fixation of lipids and proteins with critical drying to fix the process of nanofiber synthesis by bacterial cells. The two-step fixation method helped find the fibrillar structure of a cellulose film, while the morphology of bacterial cells was not deformed. The authors made a comparative analysis of the IR spectroscopy results between chemically synthesized cellulose microcrystals and BC. The obtained cellulose samples do not contain lignin and hemicellulose, both samples are highly crystalline. The BC has an ordered structure, higher crystallinity and gets carbonized when exposed to air pyrolysis. A thermogravimetric analysis of the samples shows the absence of thermally stable impurities. Both cellulose samples of biological and chemical origin are thermally stable, and the initial decomposition temperature is high enough for cellulose materials. These results show that the authors have managed to create nanocellulose materials that might be potentially applied in various industries, such as pharmaceuticals, functional composites, engineering, etc. The paper contains 6 Figures, 2 Tables, 29 References. The Authors declare no conflict of interest.
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