过硫酸钠和过氧化钙去除有机污染物的研究进展

Ke-gang Zhang, Xiaodong Wang, Shengping Peng, Zhenchao Zhao
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引用次数: 0

摘要

原位化学氧化法在去除一些可生物降解的污染物(如三氯乙烯)方面具有简单、快速和彻底的优点。本文综述了过氧化氢、过氧化钙和过硫酸钠三种环保型氧化剂在环境修复中的研究进展。本文主要从两个方面对文献进行追溯,总结如下:一方面,过氧化氢、过氧化钙和过硫酸钠催化活化产生自由基的机理;另一方面,研究了影响这三种氧化剂去除地下水氯代烃等有机污染物的主要因素。近年来,随着我国经济和工业化进程的加快,“半退三进”、“城市退园”政策的进一步实施,大量污染企业被迫搬迁、改造甚至停产,导致城市及其周边地区出现了大量工业污染遗留的废弃场区,造成地下水和土壤的严重污染。特别是与三氯乙烯严重,并具有“三”效应的有机污染物,严重威胁人体健康[2-4],迫切需要人们采取快速有效的措施进行治理。国外对地下水中以TCE和PCE为代表的氯化烃污染的治理研究已有几十年的历史。处理方法包括异位修复和原位修复。异位修复需要翻土挖土,破坏土壤结构,成本高,适用于污染面积小的地区[5]的处理。原位修复使用各种技术来降解或去除源区域(曝气区,地下水)的污染物。目前,现有的原位修复技术主要是渗透性反应屏障(PRB)等生物、化学和物理相结合的技术。原位化学氧化(ISCO)是一种将化学氧化剂注入污染现场以去除污染物的方法。这种方法依靠氧化剂的强烈氧化作用,打破氯化烃等有机化合物的化学键,使其变成氯离子、二氧化碳和水等无害物质。所使用的化学氧化剂必须对环境危害小,并能有效地破坏污染物,使生成的氧化产物无害。一般来说,ISCO中的氧化剂应遵循以下原则[9]:第一,反应必须足够强,能通过降解、蒸发和沉淀去除污染物,消除或降低污染物的毒性;其次,氧化剂和反应产物应对人体无害。最后,修复过程应该是实用和经济的。常见的化学氧化剂有高锰酸钾(KMnO4)、臭氧(O3)、过氧化氢(H2O2)、过硫酸钠(Na2S2O8)和过氧化钙(CaO2)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Research Progress on the Removal of Organic Pollutants Removal by Sodium Persulfate and Calcium Peroxide
In situ chemical oxidation has the advantages of simplicity, rapidity and thoroughness in removing some biodegradable pollutants (such as trichloroethylene). This paper reviews the research progress of three environmentally friendly oxidants, hydrogen peroxide, calcium peroxide and sodium persulfate, in environmental remediation. This paper mainly traces back the literature from two aspects and summarizes the following: on the one hand, the mechanism of free radicals generated by catalytic activation of hydrogen peroxide, calcium peroxide and sodium persulfate; on the other hand, the main factors affecting the removal of groundwater chlorinated hydrocarbons and other organic pollutants by these three oxidants. Introduction In recent years, along with our country economic and accelerating process of industrialization, "half astern into three", "city back into the garden" policy of further implement, a large number of polluting enterprises were forced to move, the transformation or even shut down production, lead to the city and its surrounding areas appear a large number of industrial pollution of legacy abandoned field[1], causing serious pollution of groundwater and soil, especially with trichloroethylene serious, and the organic pollutant has the "three" effect, a serious threat to human body health[2-4], people urgently need to take quick and effective measures to governance. Method for In-situ Remediation of Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Pollution The treatment of chlorinated hydrocarbon pollution represented by TCE and PCE in groundwater has been studied abroad for decades. The treatment methods include ectopic remediation and in situ remediation. Ectopic remediation requires turning over and excavating the soil, so that the soil structure is damaged and the cost is high, which is suitable for the treatment of areas with small contaminated areas[5].In-situ remediation USES a variety of techniques to degrade or remove contaminants in the source area (aerated zone, groundwater).At present, existing in situ remediation technologies are mainly permeable reactive barrier (PRB) and other technologies that integrate biology, chemistry and physics[7].In situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) is a method of feeding chemical oxidants into the contaminated in-situ regions to remove pollutants. This method relies on the strong oxidation of oxidants to break the chemical bonds of organic compounds such as chlorinated hydrocarbons and make them into harmless substances such as chloride ions, carbon dioxide and water. The chemical oxidants used must have little harm to the environment and be able to effectively destroy pollutants and make the generated oxidation products harmless[8]. Generally speaking, oxidants in ISCO should follow the following principles[9]: first, the reaction must be strong enough to remove pollutants through degradation, evaporation and precipitation, and eliminate or reduce the toxicity of pollutants; Secondly, the oxidants and reaction products should be harmless to human body. Finally, the restoration process should be practical and economical [10].Common chemical oxidants are potassium permanganate (KMnO4), ozone (O3), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8) and calcium peroxide (CaO2).
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