水泥立方试样热化学压裂岩心尺度有限元模拟

Zeeshan Tariq, A. Alnakhli, A. Abdulraheem, M. Mahmoud
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摘要

棕地和消耗化石燃料能源的传统资源不足以满足全球急剧增长的能源需求。非常规油气资源对全球经济的发展产生了巨大的影响。致密岩石通常位于深部和高强度地层中。本文给出了一种新的热化学压裂方法的数值模拟结果。采用新的压裂方法是为了降低非常规致密地层的破裂压力。本研究的水力压裂实验是在超密水泥块样品上进行的。块体样品的渗透率小于0.005mD。热化学压裂是由热化学流体进行的,该流体引起快速放热反应,从而瞬时产生热量和压力。不同的氮盐,如亚硝酸钠和氯化铵被用作热化学流体。瞬时产生的热量和压力导致了微裂纹的产生。压裂结果表明,新型热化学压裂能够将超密水泥中的破裂压力从1095 psi降低到705 psi。参考破裂压力由常规压裂技术记录。利用商业软件ABAQUS进行有限元分析。在有限元分析中,热化学断裂模型采用了两种方法,即粘结区模型(CZM)和混凝土损伤塑性模型(CDP)。本文还对峰值压力和到达峰值压力的时间进行了敏感性分析。灵敏度分析可以帮助更好地设计热化学流体,从而最大限度地产生微裂缝和多裂缝。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Core Scale FEM Modeling of Thermochemical Fracturing on Cement Cube Samples
Brownfields and depleting conventional resources of fossil fuel energy are not enough to fulfill the tremendously increasing energy demands around the globe. Unconventional oil and gas resources are creating a huge impact on the enhancement of the global economy. Tight rocks are usually located in deep and high-strength formations. In this study, numerical simulation results on a new thermochemical fracturing approach is presented. The new fracturing approach was implemented to reduce the breakdown pressure of the unconventional tight formations. The hydraulic fracturing experiments presented in this study were carried out on ultra-tight cement block samples. The permeability of the block samples was less than 0.005mD. Thermochemical fracturing was carried out by a thermochemical fluids that caused a rapid exothermic reaction which resulted in the instantaneous generation of heat and pressure. Different salts of nitrogen such as sodium nitrite and ammonium chloride were used as a thermochemical fluid. The instantaneous generation of the heat and pressure caused the creation of micro-cracks. The fracturing results revealed that the novel thermochemical fracturing was able to reduce the breakdown pressure in ultra-tight cement from 1095 psi to 705 psi. The reference breakdown pressure was recorded from the conventional fracturing technique. A finite element (FEM) analysis was conducted using commercial software ABAQUS. In FEM, two approaches were used to model the thermochemical fractures namely, cohesive zone modeling (CZM) and concrete damage plasticity models (CDP). The sensitivity analysis of peak pressure and time to reach the peak pressure is also presented in this study. The sensitivity analysis can help in better designing thermochemical fluids that could lead to the maximum generation of micro-cracks and multiple fractures.
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