Cord Blood Hemoglobin A1c and MCP-1 as Predictors for Cardiomyopathy in Infants of Mothers with Gestational Diabetes

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the commonest and important metabolic disorder that affects the health of pregnant women and infants. MCP-1 in the myocardium was correlated with the degree of impairment of cardiac function and HbA1c concentration is also regarded as a treatment marker in patients with diabetes.Objectives: The study aimed at measure the levels of cord blood Hemoglobin A1c and MCP-1 and correlate their levels with echocardiographic findings in infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) in comparison to healthy neonates of healthy mothers.Patients and methods: The current study was a descriptive cross-sectional comparative one included 110 full term neonates divided in to two groups, the first group included 70 full term neonates born to diabetic mothers and the second group included 40 full term apparently healthy neonates born to healthy mothers as a control group. This study was conducted from April 2016 to April 2017 at Maternal and Children Hospital of El Minia. All Patients were assessed during the first week of life, this assessment included complete medical history, thorough clinical examination with stress on cardiac examination, and laboratory investigations included CBC and neonatal blood sugar as a routine investigations& HbA1c and MCP-1 as a specific investigations and echocardiographic assessment.Results: IDMs have increased cardiac dimensions, impaired diastolic function and lower fractional shortening compared to control group. There was a strong positive correlation between levels of cord blood MCP-1 and echocardiographic measurements in IDMs. There was a strong positive correlation between levels of cord blood HbA1c and echocardiographic measurements in IDMs.Conclusion: HbA1c and MCP-1 were good predictors for occurrence of cardiomyopathy in Infants of diabetic mothers with gestational diabetes.