Research progress of finite element analysis in lumbar fusion surgery for lumbar degenerative diseases

Lumbar degenerative disease (LDD) refers to the normal strain of the body involving lumbar bone, ligament, intervertebral disc, thereby protruding lumbar intervertebral disc, slippage, spinal stenosis and other lesions. Lumbar fusion surgery has been proved to be an effective strategy for the treatment of LDD. At present, a variety of fusion methods such as anterior and posterior have been reported. This article aims to review and discuss the reported strategies of fusion surgery for LDD and related biomechanical studies and analyze the development and significance of the finite element method (FEM) in lumbar biomechanics. To investigate the influence of different surgical strategies on lumbar spine biomechanics from the perspective of biomechanics and to provide a reference for selecting clinical surgical strategies.