Tensile Test on Friction Stir Welded AZ31B and AZ91B Magnesium Alloys

Rare earth materials containing magnesium alloy AZ91B and AZ31B is finding widespread use in the automotive, aerospace and military industries due to its greater strength-to-weight ratio and formability. Magnesium is typically regarded as difficult to fuse together through material fusion procedures due to flaws found in welding inclusions, porosity and welded junction distortions. Friction stir welding solid state joining procedure is used for Mg joining alloys successfully. The process variables influencing the combined characteristics of weldments include tool pin geometry, downward axial force, tool welding speed (rpm). In the current research, five distinct tool types were used to create friction stir weldment geometries. There were 18 trials overall with 3 components and 8 stages run in accordance with the primary composite design matrix. The information produced by a mathematical model through response surface approach was sufficient for the developed ANOVA was used to verify the model. Large interaction between welding parameters and tensile strength graphs are utilised to depict its behaviour. It was discovered that the cylindrical straight pin has the greatest tensile qualities. The mathematical model is beneficial for adjusting the tensile strength forecast to enhance the weld quality by choosing suitable process parameters for AZ31B and AZ91B welded magnesium alloys.