Controlling systematic errors in rock testing by measurement uncertainty analysis

In engineering and fundamental sciences, many impor tant decisions are based on the results of quantitative measurements. When an observation resu lt is stated, it is also required to determine the uncertainty associated with the observation. A measurement uncertainty analysis comprises of random and systematic components. Different from th e random fluctuations, systematic uncertainties are resourced from the specifications , environmental conditions, calibration and other heuristic critical factors. This study assesses the systematic and random effects which create some uncertainty on a Schmidt Hammer (SH) rebound hardness test. In particular, as the certain probability terms, the systematic uncertainty component is focused and its volume has been appraised from a control framework. The importance of elemental uncertainty and coverage term are discussed from a statistical control perspectiv e. In the same ground, the effective number of degrees of freedom is also evaluated. In this way, the importance of the fixed error sources has been appraised based on statistical control perspective. The use of an uncertainty term as a measurement parameter in testing-based decision making can prov ide some reliable and realistic information for engineering risk management and quality control.