Relaciones internacionales

of 1940 and the foundation of the Interamerican Indigenous Institute (INI); c) The neo-liberal period that lived along with the internationalization of indigenous’ identity and that began in 1982 with the of fi cial adoption of neoliberalism as the main policy of Mexico up to the birth of the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN) in 1994. Hence, once “Genealogy” is stated we will jump to the contemporary period during which Mexico implemented the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with USA and Canada that revisited the article 27 of Mexican constitution for which indigenous landholdings had to be protected from sale and privatization. Here the analysis will be conducted on existing literature through a qualitative analysis of the data extrapolated via “Discourse Theory”. At this point, we will compare counter-hegemonic and hegemonic discourses of Subcomandante Marcos and President Salinas de Gortari. Hence, it will be clear how the two opponents, via the concepts of “democracy” and “modernization”, have tried to give a new meaning to the signi fi er “indigenous” and how the discursive fi ght of EZLN has tried to reach as main goal the rebuilding of the word “indigenous”, making it enter in the San Andrés Accords of 1996 as a term that had to include all those native subjects who had right to have rights.