2019冠状病毒病大流行对大学生心理健康和生活质量的影响:一项回顾性队列研究

K. Albakri, Y. Alabdallat, A. Khaity, Jehad Samhouri
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:精神健康障碍和低生活质量被认为是COVID-19大流行导致的常见精神问题。尽管关于COVID-19心理后果的知识和研究非常重要,但在约旦当地很少有研究涉及这一问题。因此,本研究旨在调查2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行对大学生心理健康和生活质量的影响。方法:采用在线问卷对约旦大学学生进行回顾性队列研究。我们的调查包括广泛焦虑障碍2项(GAD-2)、患者健康问卷2项(PHQ-2)、加州大学洛杉矶分校孤独量表和COVID-19对生活质量的影响量表(COV19-QoL),以独立检查约旦大学生在COVID-19大流行之前和期间的生活质量、孤独感,以及抑郁和焦虑之间的差异。我们使用SPSS软件26版对数据进行分析。结果:共纳入受试者537人,其中女性371人(69.1%),平均年龄为19.1±0.84岁,年龄范围为17 ~ 22岁。大多数参与者是二年级学生(393人,占54.6%),超过一半的参与者从不每周锻炼。新冠肺炎大流行后抑郁、焦虑和孤独感患病率分别为305(56.8%)、311(57.9%)和371 (69.1%);分别。卡方分析显示,孤独、抑郁和焦虑的女性在统计学上占主导地位(p=0.014, p=0.023, p=0.000;分别)。相比之下,基础学年的学生在这些心理结果方面没有显著差异。新冠肺炎疫情对单身人士抑郁得分的影响显著高于有伴侣者(p= 0.008)。抑郁程度较低的学生是晚上睡觉的学生和有业余爱好的学生(p=0.02, p=0.007;分别)。结论:我们的研究结果强调并支持了参与者在疫情爆发前后精神状态得分的显著变化。此外,有几个因素可以保护学生的心理健康,使其免受COVID-19危机的影响,例如性别、爱好、恋爱、就寝时间和睡眠时间。此外,研究发现孤独、焦虑和抑郁可以预测生活质量。最后,政府应该更多地关注学生的心理问题。未来的研究应该调查哪一组学生更容易受到类似疫情的心理影响,以制定针对这些特定群体的具体和有效的行动,从而提高心理效益的机会。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Effect of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on University Students' Mental Health and Life Quality: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Background: Mental health disorders and low quality of life are considered common psychiatric problems resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the significant importance of the knowledge and research about COVID-19 mental consequences, few studies are addressing it locally in Jordan. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on university students' mental health and life quality.   Method: A retrospective cohort study was undertaken for students in Jordanian universities using an online questionnaire. Our survey consisted of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2‐item (GAD-2), The Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item (PHQ-2), UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the COVID-19–Impact on Quality of Life (COV19-QoL) scale to examine students' quality of life, loneliness, besides examining the difference between depression and anxiety, independently, before and during COVID-19 pandemic among Jordanian universities students. We analyzed the data using SPSS Software version 26.   Results: The study included 537 participants, 371 (69.1%) of them were female, with a mean age of participants equal to 19.1 ± 0.84, with a range of 17 to 22 years. Most of the participants were second-year students 393 (54.6%) and more than half of the participants never weekly exercised. the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and loneliness after the COVID-19 pandemic were 305 (56.8%), 311 (57.9%), and 371 (69.1%); respectively. Chi-square analysis revealed that females with loneliness, depression, and anxiety were statistically predominant (p=0.014, p=0.023, p=0.000; respectively). In contrast, there was no significant difference among basic academic years students in terms of these mental outcomes. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on depression scores of singles was significantly higher than those who were in relationships (p= 0.008). The less depressed students were those who sleep at the night and those who have hobbies (p=0.02, p=0.007; respectively).   Conclusion: Our study results highlighted and supported a significant change in the participants’ scores regarding their mental status before and after the outbreak. Furthermore, several factors preserve the mental health of students against the consequences of the COVID-19 crisis, such as gender, having hobbies, being in a relationship, bedtime, and sleep hours. Additionally, the study found that loneliness, anxiety, and depression can predict life quality. Eventually, the government should provide more attention to the student’s psychological issues. Future research should investigate which group of students have more susceptibility to being mentally affected by similar outbreaks to develop specific and efficient actions that are targeted to these certain groups, thus improving the chance of the psychological benefits.
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