The therapeutic and preventive effect of sumac seeds (Rhus coriaria) on some fertility hormones in diabetic female rats

Sumac's scientific name is Rhuscoriaria. In the Arab world, sumac is a widely used spice. Although it is used as a powder, it is a fruit in its original condition . This study was carried out investigate the effect of using sumac seeds on some fertility hormones in female diabetic rats. Forty-five female rats ( Sprague Dawley Strain ) 140±10g have been used for 6 weeks.They were divided into three major groups. Group 1 (5 rats) was kept as negative control group. The second major group (20 rats) was injected with freshly prepared recrystallized Alloxan in saline at a dose level of 150 mg/ kg body weight and kept as therapeutic groups and then it was divided into four groups. The third major group (20 rats) was divided into four groups and kept as protective groups that were injected near the end of the experiment with freshly prepared Alloxan in saline at a dose level of 150 mg/ kg body weight. Chemical, biological, biochemical and histological tests were carried out. The results of this study showed that sumac powder contains a high amount of fiber and carbohydrates and contains a moderate amount of fat and protein. They also recorded a high amount of total phenols and total flavonoids. Total cholesterol, triglycerids, LDL-c (Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol) and VLDL-c (Very-low-density lipoproteinCholesterol) decreased significantly and there was a marked significant increase in HDL-c (High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol) in all therapeutic andprotective groups that were supported by different percentages of sumac powder compared with thepositive control group (therapeutic and protective). Additionally, they showed significant decrease in kidney function and liver enzymes in all therapeutic and protective groups that were supported by different percentages of sumac powder compared with the positive control group (therapeutic and protective). There was also a marked improvement in the female hormones (Estrogen,Folicle Stimulating Hormone and Lutenizing Hormone)being studied andGlucose serum. For examination of pancreas Histopathologically there was a remarkable improvement in all therapeutic and protective groups that were supported by different percentages of sumac powder compared with the positive control group (therapeutic and protective). This study therefore recommends that sumac powder could be used to improve blood sugar and a fertility hormone in female diabetic rats due to contains bioactive compounds.