A Review of Contemporary Markers of Insulin Resistance

Backgrounnd: The era of non-communicable diseases has been here with us for a while. Diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and associated complications; have been the centre of interest for many researchers lately. Insulin resistance (IR) has taken a forefront position in this regard. Aim: Insulin resistance has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many metabolic disorders. It heralds the onset of many of these diseases many years before the clinical signs and symptoms. Method: A thorough literature search was done using internet academic search engines and indexation such Google scholar, hinari, Ebsco, Scorpus, etc. Results: Insulin resistance (IR), an independent risk factor for the development of Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome is assessed by several biomarkers. From the historical perspective till date, the authors assess the implication, connection and relevance from various studies to contemporary scientific breakthroughs in this regard for diagnosis and clinical application of markers of insulin resistance in patient management. Conclusion: It is hoped that with the advancement in medical research, more markers of insulin resistance will be discovered that will help in patient managements.