如果我们看不见自己的脚,我们如何治理国家?说到可持续转型的问题

IF 2.9 3区 社会学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
K. van Assche, M. Duineveld, Monica Gruezmacher, R. Beunen, V. Valentinov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

可持续转型汇集了许多不同的学科,关注社会和物质之间的相互关系。新兴的转型研究领域正在变得更加跨学科,规范性更少,本质上更少现代主义,对话语和物质动态更开放(例如Bosman等人,2018;Moss et al., 2016)。社会生态系统思维在其治理思维中已经对生态关系和脆弱性敏感,同样向其他学科开放,并以更谨慎和开放的心态考虑社会和话语(例如Partelow, 2018)。在地理学和人类学中,转向身体、物质性和影响先于这些发展,有时受到德勒兹理论的启发,有时只是通过仔细观察(例如Davidson et al., 2013)。与此同时,政策研究和规划认识到有必要促进过渡和可持续发展的途径。对本期特刊的贡献明确旨在为这些关于可持续性治理的跨学科辩论做出贡献。他们探索整合不同学科的见解,以重新获得对物质环境(自然和人为)对社区、文化和治理系统的形成和功能的影响的更全面的理解。该作品集旨在通过强调两者之间的联系,促进话语和材料之间理论的集体重新平衡:在治理中,集体做出具有约束力的决定来塑造、利用和保护环境,而更广泛的社会问题和治理同时受到其物质基础的影响。没有人想回到物质决定论(马克思主义或其他),它曾一度统治过人类学,我们也不应该等待历史主义方法在景观设计中的回归,在那里景观可以决定接下来的事情。因此,本期特刊借鉴了进化治理理论(EGT) (Van Assche et al., 2013)以及各种其他观点,并提出了物质依赖的概念,将其作为连接治理、话语和环境的有用方法。物质依赖是物质世界对治理功能的影响,以及它们留下的遗产(Van Assche et al., 2017)。这些影响可以是直接的,也可以是间接的,如治理结构、程序、制度和决策,所有这些都可以被自然和人为的环境及其对象和障碍所框定、约束和启用。更间接的是,在特定环境中发展的社区,由该环境以无数种方式塑造,具有物质依赖的实践,价值观和叙事,然后渗透到治理系统中(Davidson et al., 2013)。客座编辑(Van Assche et al., 2022)撰写的关键框架论文指出了实质性对于真正理解可持续性转型的重要性。他们把物质依赖的概念和物质事件的概念联系起来。在物质依赖关系发展之前,需要发生物质事件。环境中发生的事情可以在治理中被观察到(或不被观察到),它们可以在不被直接观察到的情况下产生影响,这些影响可以是缓慢的、快速的、适度的和破坏性的。对这些影响的观察是不同的,因为它可以为反应奠定基础,而反应反过来又可以成为协调的一部分
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
How can we govern if we don’t see our feet? Speaking of the matter of sustainability transitions
Sustainability transitions bring together many different disciplines focussing on the interrelations between the social and the material. The burgeoning field of transition studies is becoming more inter-disciplinary, less normative, less modernist in nature, and more open to both discursive and material dynamics (e.g. Bosman et al., 2018; Moss et al., 2016). Social-ecological systems thinking, already sensitive to ecological relations and vulnerabilities in their governance thinking, is similarly opening up to other disciplines, and considering the social and discursive with more care and open minds (e.g. Partelow, 2018). In geography and anthropology, a turn to the body, to materiality and to affect preceded these developments, sometimes inspired by Deleuzian theory, sometimes simply through careful observation (e.g. Davidson et al., 2013). Policy studies and planning, meanwhile, have picked up on the need to contribute to transitions and the pathways of sustainable development. The contributions to this special issue explicitly aim to contribute to these inter-disciplinary debates on governance for sustainability. They explore the integration of insights from various disciplines to regain a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of material environments, both natural and humanmade, on the formation and functioning of communities, their cultures, and their governance systems. The collection aims to contribute to this collective re-balancing of theories between discursive and material by highlighting how both connect: in governance, where collectively binding decisions are made to shape, exploit and protect the environment while the wider social issues and governance are simultaneously shaped by its material substrate. Nobody wants a return to material determinism (Marxist or otherwise) which dominated anthropology for a while, nor should we be waiting for a comeback of historicist approaches to landscape design, where the landscape can dictate what is coming next. This Special Issue therefore draws on evolutionary governance theory (EGT) (Van Assche et al., 2013), together with a variety of other perspectives, and puts forward the concept ofmaterial dependencies as a useful way to connect governance, discourse, and environment. Material dependencies are effects of the material world on the functioning of governance, and the legacies they leave (Van Assche et al., 2017). These effects can be direct or indirect, as governance structures, procedures, institutions, and decisions, all of which can be framed, constrained, and enabled by natural and human-made environments and their objects and obstacles. More indirectly, the communities which develop in a particular environment, are shaped in a myriad of ways by that environment, with materially-dependent practices, values and narratives, then seeping into governance systems (Davidson et al., 2013). The key framing paper by the Guest Editors (Van Assche et al., 2022) locates the importance of materiality for any real understanding of sustainability transitions. They connect the idea of material dependency to the idea of material events. Before material dependencies develop, material events need to occur. Things happening in the environment can be observed (or not) in governance, they can have effects without being directly observed and these effects can be slow, fast, modest, and disruptive. The observation of such effects makes a difference, as it can lay the groundwork for responses, which in turn, can become part of coordinated
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CiteScore
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