监测尾矿储存设施内上清水量的卫星测深法

L. Navarro, G. Aravena, J. Engels, J. Turner
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摘要

水的供应在与矿物和金属开采作业有关的业务连续性中起着根本作用。作为这个过程的一部分,有必要回收尽可能多的水进行再利用,减少补充水的需求,同时尽量减少对周围环境和自然资源的影响。特别是在尾矿处理方面,随着浓缩和过滤技术的进步,过去几十年已经转向高密度尾矿,从而提高了水的回收率,减少了尾矿储存设施内沉积的水量。然而,世界上绝大多数的尾矿设施由于尾矿的自然固结和放水,仍然会产生上清池。这些池需要控制其大小和体积,特别是在较大的吞吐量操作中。在一些国家,要求定期向当局报告数量。本文介绍了利用遥感技术监测尾矿设施上清池生长的研究。这主要涉及卫星波段的多光谱分析,通过数学算法对这些波段的组合进行各种校正和应用,可以合理准确地确定相对较浅的上清池的深度。这项研究的重要性在于提供一种替代现有的现场监测技术,如声纳仪器,这些技术仅限于最小深度。附加的优势是卫星监测能够快速且经济有效地提供信息,更重要的是,避免了对人员存在的要求,从而降低了操作风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Satellite bathymetry for the monitoring of supernatant water volumes within tailings storage facilities
The availability of water plays a fundamental role in the operational continuity associated with mineral and metal extraction operations. As part of this process, it is necessary to recover as much water as possible for reuse and reduce make-up water requirements while trying to maintain a reduced impact on the surrounding environment and natural resources. Specifically related to tailings disposal, the past few decades have seen a shift towards high-density tailings with advances in thickening and filtering technologies, thus improving the water recovery and reducing the volumes of water deposited within a tailings storage facility. However, the vast majority of tailings facilities worldwide still generate a supernatant pond as the tailings naturally consolidate and bleed. These ponds need to be controlled in their size and volume, particularly in larger throughput operations. In some countries, it is a requirement to report volume to the authorities on a routine basis. This paper presents a study to monitor the growth of supernatant ponds in tailings facilities using remote sensing techniques. Principally, this relates to a multispectral analysis of satellite bands which, by means of various corrections and applications of combinations of these bands through mathematical algorithms, the depths of relatively shallow supernatant ponds can be determined reasonably accurately. The importance of the study is to provide an alternative to current in situ monitoring techniques, such as sonar instrumentation, which is limited to a minimum depth. The added advantage is that satellite monitoring delivers information quickly and cost effectively and, more importantly, avoids the requirement for human presence, thus reducing operational risks.
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