物体游戏中的自我设限:白鲸如何使游戏变得困难

IF 0.6 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
J. R. Ham, Malin K. Lilley, Malin R. Miller, J. Leca, S. Pellis, Heather M. Manitzas Hill
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引用次数: 3

摘要

虽然在不同分类群的动物中都有观察到,但对物体游戏的研究并不充分。在研究管理护理白鲸(Delphinapterus leucas)的对象游戏时,我们注意到,在某些情况下,白鲸自己妨碍了它们的游戏。例如,白鲸可能会把一个球推到一个突出的地方,所以只有白鲸自己才能够到这个物体。自我障碍在运动和社交游戏中有描述,但在物体游戏中很少有报道。在这项研究中,有3.9%的白鲸在玩物体时自我致残。9只幼白鲸均出现自残,占观察到的自残次数的90.6%。尽管这种情况很少见,但某种程度的自我设限对于确保持续的游戏性是很重要的,而不管涉及到哪种类型的游戏。需要对跨物种和游戏类型的自我设限的存在和作用进行更广泛的比较研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Self-handicapping in object play: how belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) make play difficult
ABSTRACT Although observed in animals from various taxa, object play is not well studied. While studying object play in managed care belugas (Delphinapterus leucas), we noticed that, in some cases, the belugas self-handicap their play. For example, a beluga may push a ball onto a ledge, so that the object can only be reached by the beluga beaching itself. Self-handicapping has been described in locomotor and social play, but is rarely, if ever, reported in object play. The belugas of this study self-handicap themselves while playing with objects in 3.9% of cases. All nine of the immature belugas were observed to self-handicap, which accounted for 90.6% of the self-handicapping bouts observed. Even though rare, some degree of self-handicapping may be important in ensuring continued playfulness irrespective of the type of play involved. Broader comparative studies on the presence and role of self-handicapping across species and types of play are needed.
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来源期刊
International Journal of Play
International Journal of Play Social Sciences-Cultural Studies
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
20.00%
发文量
60
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Play is an inter-disciplinary publication focusing on all facets of play. It aims to provide an international forum for mono- and multi-disciplinary papers and scholarly debate on all aspects of play theory, policy and practice from across the globe and across the lifespan, and in all kinds of cultural settings, institutions and communities. The journal will be of interest to anthropologists, educationalists, folklorists, historians, linguists, philosophers, playworkers, psychologists, sociologists, therapists and zoologists.
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