J. R. Ham, Malin K. Lilley, Malin R. Miller, J. Leca, S. Pellis, Heather M. Manitzas Hill
{"title":"物体游戏中的自我设限:白鲸如何使游戏变得困难","authors":"J. R. Ham, Malin K. Lilley, Malin R. Miller, J. Leca, S. Pellis, Heather M. Manitzas Hill","doi":"10.1080/21594937.2022.2152535","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Although observed in animals from various taxa, object play is not well studied. While studying object play in managed care belugas (Delphinapterus leucas), we noticed that, in some cases, the belugas self-handicap their play. For example, a beluga may push a ball onto a ledge, so that the object can only be reached by the beluga beaching itself. Self-handicapping has been described in locomotor and social play, but is rarely, if ever, reported in object play. The belugas of this study self-handicap themselves while playing with objects in 3.9% of cases. All nine of the immature belugas were observed to self-handicap, which accounted for 90.6% of the self-handicapping bouts observed. Even though rare, some degree of self-handicapping may be important in ensuring continued playfulness irrespective of the type of play involved. Broader comparative studies on the presence and role of self-handicapping across species and types of play are needed.","PeriodicalId":52149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Play","volume":"3 1","pages":"67 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Self-handicapping in object play: how belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) make play difficult\",\"authors\":\"J. R. Ham, Malin K. Lilley, Malin R. Miller, J. Leca, S. Pellis, Heather M. Manitzas Hill\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/21594937.2022.2152535\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"ABSTRACT Although observed in animals from various taxa, object play is not well studied. While studying object play in managed care belugas (Delphinapterus leucas), we noticed that, in some cases, the belugas self-handicap their play. For example, a beluga may push a ball onto a ledge, so that the object can only be reached by the beluga beaching itself. Self-handicapping has been described in locomotor and social play, but is rarely, if ever, reported in object play. The belugas of this study self-handicap themselves while playing with objects in 3.9% of cases. All nine of the immature belugas were observed to self-handicap, which accounted for 90.6% of the self-handicapping bouts observed. Even though rare, some degree of self-handicapping may be important in ensuring continued playfulness irrespective of the type of play involved. Broader comparative studies on the presence and role of self-handicapping across species and types of play are needed.\",\"PeriodicalId\":52149,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Play\",\"volume\":\"3 1\",\"pages\":\"67 - 80\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-12-19\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"3\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Play\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2022.2152535\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Play","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2022.2152535","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH","Score":null,"Total":0}
Self-handicapping in object play: how belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) make play difficult
ABSTRACT Although observed in animals from various taxa, object play is not well studied. While studying object play in managed care belugas (Delphinapterus leucas), we noticed that, in some cases, the belugas self-handicap their play. For example, a beluga may push a ball onto a ledge, so that the object can only be reached by the beluga beaching itself. Self-handicapping has been described in locomotor and social play, but is rarely, if ever, reported in object play. The belugas of this study self-handicap themselves while playing with objects in 3.9% of cases. All nine of the immature belugas were observed to self-handicap, which accounted for 90.6% of the self-handicapping bouts observed. Even though rare, some degree of self-handicapping may be important in ensuring continued playfulness irrespective of the type of play involved. Broader comparative studies on the presence and role of self-handicapping across species and types of play are needed.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Play is an inter-disciplinary publication focusing on all facets of play. It aims to provide an international forum for mono- and multi-disciplinary papers and scholarly debate on all aspects of play theory, policy and practice from across the globe and across the lifespan, and in all kinds of cultural settings, institutions and communities. The journal will be of interest to anthropologists, educationalists, folklorists, historians, linguists, philosophers, playworkers, psychologists, sociologists, therapists and zoologists.