脉络膜的影像学和临床研究

Y. Liu, Guoping Duan
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摘要

脉络膜以血管结构为主,是供应视网膜外层和黄斑区的重要营养组织。脉络膜约占整个葡萄膜血液流量的70%,作为供应视网膜外层和黄斑的血管系统,它约占整个眼睛血液流量的2/3。由于其独特的结构和功能,脉络膜在眼部疾病中起着关键作用。长期以来,由于脉络膜的解剖位置较深以及检查设备的限制,对其的研究一直处于探索阶段。随着研究的深入,人们越来越清楚脉络膜相关改变是许多眼部疾病发病的关键因素。当眼部疾病发生时,脉络膜发生质的变化,特别是当血流状态因局部或全身性疾病而改变时,脉络膜血流、脉络膜厚度和脉络膜体积发生相应的变化。研究表明,在一些眼病中,脉络膜改变先于视网膜病变,例如糖尿病眼底病变:糖尿病脉络膜病变先于糖尿病视网膜病变。因此,在眼部疾病中,脉络膜结构和影像学的变化对疾病的早期发现和治疗起着先决作用。因此,本文综述了眼科常见的脉络膜临床成像方式以及相关眼部疾病的脉络膜改变。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Imaging and Clinical Studies of the Choroid
The choroid, as an important nutrient tissue supplying the outer retinal layer and macular region, is primarily vascular in structure. The choroid accounts for approximately 70% of the blood flow to the entire uvea and, as the vascular system supplying the outer layer of the retina and the macula, it accounts for approximately 2/3 of the blood flow to the entire eye. Because of its unique structure and function, the choroid plays a pivotal role in ocular disorders. For a long time, the study of the choroid has been in an exploratory stage due to its deep anatomical location and the limitations of the examination equipment. As research has progressed, it has become increasingly clear that choroid-related changes are a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of many ocular diseases. Qualitative changes in the choroid occur when ocular disorders occur, particularly when blood flow status is altered due to local or systemic disease, resulting in corresponding changes in choroidal blood flow, choroidal thickness, and choroidal volume. It has been shown that choroidal changes precede retinopathy in some eye diseases, for example, diabetic fundopathy: diabetic choroidopathy precedes diabetic retinopathy. In ocular disease, then, changes in choroidal structure and imaging play a prerequisite role in the early detection and treatment of the disease. This article, therefore, reviews the common clinical imaging modalities of the choroid in ophthalmology and the choroidal changes in related ocular diseases.
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