功能性克罗地亚本土葡萄藤“Grk bijeli”的生殖潜力

D. Stupić, N. Bauer, M. Jagić, Andreja Lucić, J. Mlinarec, Malenica Nenad, J. K. Kontić, E. Maletić, D. Leljak-Levanić
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引用次数: 3

摘要

克罗地亚本土葡萄藤“Grk bijeli”与“Tribidrag”(又名“仙粉黛”)有着亲代关系,这种葡萄藤只生长在亚得里亚海的科尔库拉岛上。它是一种只有雌性功能花的葡萄品种,导致受精减少,导致葡萄生产和葡萄酒质量问题。一个典型的成熟的“Grk bijeli”集群包含完全发育的种子浆果,除了一个高度可变比例的小无籽浆果。本研究的目的是找出“比杰里葡萄”繁殖潜力降低的原因,以便为提高产量和葡萄品质建立更好的生长环境。雌配子体发育正常,成熟时包含卵和中心细胞,以及两个协同细胞和三个对足细胞。另一方面,‘Grk bijeli’花粉粒表现出发育偏差。具体来说,大部分花粉粒进行第一次花粉有丝分裂,包含一个营养细胞和一个生殖细胞,而20%的未萌发粒也进行第二次花粉有丝分裂,产生两个精子细胞和一个营养细胞。此外,'Grk bijeli'花粉具有整合形态,这阻碍了发芽并导致繁殖减少。此外,与其他品种授粉后的受精会导致不同程度的胚珠败育,这取决于授粉者,表明克罗地亚的栽培品种“Plavac mali crni”和“Posip bijeli”是有利的品种。虽然本研究描述了一个具有当地重要性的高价值品种,但它也有助于了解葡萄生殖生物学的基础知识,并为改善葡萄酒生产和半肥沃品种的酿酒性能提供了策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Reproductive potential of the functionally female native Croatian grapevine 'Grk bijeli'
A native Croatian grapevine 'Grk bijeli', sharing a parent-offspring relationships with 'Tribidrag' (aka 'Zinfandel'), is grown exclusively on the Adriatic island of Korcula. It is one of the grape cultivars with female-only functional flowers, causing reduced fertilisation and leads to problems in grape production and wine quality. A typical cluster of 'Grk bijeli' at maturity contains fully developed seeded berries, in addition to a highly variable proportion of undersized seedless berries. The aim of this study was to identify the cause of the reduced reproduction potential of 'Grk bijeli' in order to establish a better growing environment for improved yield and grape quality. 'Grk bijeli' female gametophyte develops normaly and at maturity contains both egg and central cell, together with two synergid cells and three antipodal cells. On the other hand, 'Grk bijeli' pollen grains show developmental deviations. Specifically, most of the pollen grains undergo the first pollen mitosis and contain one vegetative cell and one generative cell, while 20 % of ungerminating grains also accomplish the second pollen mitosis, giving rise to two sperm cells and one vegetative cell. Morover, 'Grk bijeli' pollen has acolporate morphology, which prevents germination and contributes to reduced reproduction. Furthermore, fertilisation after pollination with other varieties results in various degrees of ovule abortion depending on the pollinator, revealing Croatian cultivars 'Plavac mali crni' and 'Posip bijeli' as favourable varieties. Although this study describes a highly valuable cultivar of local importance, it also contributes to fundamental knowledge of grapevine reproductive biology and offers a strategy for improvement of wine production and oenological performance of semi-fertile varieties in general.
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