福柯的自我构成与主体化褶皱

IF 0.4 0 PHILOSOPHY
C. Iftode
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引用次数: 2

摘要

本文的目的是借助巴洛克式的折迭隐喻来分析福柯关于主体化的最后一个关键概念。根据德勒兹,两个不同的来源,海德格尔对存在的记忆和莱布尼茨的一元论,以某种方式在福柯的概念中结合在一起。我试图强调主体化概念在当代哲学表演转向的背景下的重要性,以及构思这一概念的各种历史方式。必须强调的一个技术性但至关重要的方面是,主动主体化和主体性之间复杂的相互作用和相互依赖(亚主体化)。将“主体模式”理解为福柯“主体化的四层”之一,为我们提供了一个令人信服的伦理多元主义论证。最后,这为我们调整德勒兹对福柯的解释提供了至关重要的线索,揭示了尼采的暴力记忆而不是海德格尔的存在记忆在主体化过程中起着决定性的作用,也将“消极”自由转化为积极自由作为自治和自律,同样符合尼采的“禁欲主义再次自然化”的计划。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Self-Constitution and Folds of Subjectivation in Foucault
The purpose of this paper is to analyze Foucault’s final key notion of subjectivation in the light of the Baroque metaphor of fold(ing). According to Deleuze, two distinct sources, Heidegger’s memory of Being and Leibniz’s monadology, are in a way brought together in this Foucauldian notion. I try to highlight the importance of the concept of subjectivation in the context of a performative turn in contemporary philosophy and various historical ways of conceiving this concept. A technical yet crucial aspect that has to be emphasized is the complex interplay and mutual co-dependence between active subjectivation and subjection (assujettissement). Understanding the «mode of subjection» as one of «the four folds of subjectivation» in Foucault provides us with a compelling argument for ethical pluralism. Finally, this gives us the vital clue for adjusting Deleuze’s interpretation of Foucault, revealing Nietzsche’s violent memory rather than the Heideggerian memory of Being as decisive in the process of subjectivation, and also a necessary conversion of «negative» freedom into positive liberty as autonomy and self-discipline, likewise in agreement with Nietzsche’s project of making «asceticism natural again».
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