蜜蜂对多模态刺激的反应遵循反作用原理

Oswaldo Gil-Guevara, Hernán A. Bernal, A. J. Riveros
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引用次数: 3

摘要

摘要:多感觉整合被认为在多种生态环境下为接受者带来好处。然而,信号集成的有效性受到时空和强度域特征的限制。在学习和记忆促进的任务中,感官模式是如何整合的,比如授粉,仍然没有解决。蜜蜂在觅食过程中使用嗅觉和视觉线索,这使它们成为研究多模态信号使用的良好模型。在这里,我们研究了刺激强度对使用单峰或双峰刺激训练的蜜蜂学习和记忆表现的影响。我们测量了在计划的离散刺激强度水平上的表现和延迟反应。我们使用机电装置来调节蜜蜂的喙延伸反应协议,使我们能够同时精确地控制不同强度的嗅觉和视觉刺激。我们的研究结果表明,在学习和记忆过程中,当单独的个体成分最不有效时,双峰增强的强度越低,双峰增强的强度越高。然而,这种效应在反应的潜伏期中是检测不到的。值得注意的是,这些结果支持了传统上在脊椎动物中研究的反向有效性原理,该原理预测,当最佳的单感觉反应相对较弱时,多感觉刺激更有效地整合。因此,我们认为蜜蜂在使用双峰刺激时的表现取决于其各个成分的相互作用和强度。我们进一步认为,包括所有分析水平的发现丰富了对蜜蜂复杂信号的机制和依赖的传统理解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Honey bees respond to multimodal stimuli following the principle of inverse effectiveness
ABSTRACT Multisensory integration is assumed to entail benefits for receivers across multiple ecological contexts. However, signal integration effectiveness is constrained by features of the spatiotemporal and intensity domains. How sensory modalities are integrated during tasks facilitated by learning and memory, such as pollination, remains unsolved. Honey bees use olfactory and visual cues during foraging, making them a good model to study the use of multimodal signals. Here, we examined the effect of stimulus intensity on both learning and memory performance of bees trained using unimodal or bimodal stimuli. We measured the performance and the latency response across planned discrete levels of stimulus intensity. We employed the conditioning of the proboscis extension response protocol in honey bees using an electromechanical setup allowing us to control simultaneously and precisely olfactory and visual stimuli at different intensities. Our results show that the bimodal enhancement during learning and memory was higher as the intensity decreased when the separate individual components were least effective. Still, this effect was not detectable for the latency of response. Remarkably, these results support the principle of inverse effectiveness, traditionally studied in vertebrates, predicting that multisensory stimuli are more effectively integrated when the best unisensory response is relatively weak. Thus, we argue that the performance of the bees while using a bimodal stimulus depends on the interaction and intensity of its individual components. We further hold that the inclusion of findings across all levels of analysis enriches the traditional understanding of the mechanics and reliance of complex signals in honey bees.
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