Engineering and Economic Impact of the Unit Area of Land on Development Farm Irrigation System.

The experimental was conducted in different crops during the season of 2020 in Hosh Easa city (latitude 30 0 58 \ 10.86 \\ N, and longitude 30 0 17 \ 04.38 \\ E), in El-Beheira governorate. The study was conducted to evaluate the improved surface irrigation and the effect of area shape (length, width, and the number of valves per feddan) on the water applied m 3 /fed, irrigation time h/fed, yield kg/fed, and water productivity kg/m 3 and evaluated the economic impact such as irrigation cost, cost of planting and net income with seven crops which were grown (wheat, rice, corn, cotton, tomato, sugar beet and Alfa Alfa). The results were the highest water productivity were under treatments B (No. of valves 1.43/fed) compared with treatments D (No. of valves 1.25/fed), C (No. of valves 1.06/fed) and A (traditional) respectively. For example, the highest value of water productivity for tomato crop was 9.26 kg/m 3 under treatment (B), while the lowest was (7.92 and 8.55 kg/m 3 ) under treatments D and C respectively compared with treatment (A) which was (6.82 kg/ m 3 ), and the same trend for all crops. Also the highest values of yield were under treatments (B), compared with treatments D, C and A respectively. For example, the highest values of yield for the wheat crop were (2250 kg/fed.) under treatment (B), while the lowest values of yield for the same crop were (2160 and 2190 kg/fed) under treatments D and C respectively compared with treatment (A) which was (1950 kg/fed), and the same trend for all crops.