太空愿景

Q4 Social Sciences
J. H. Hughes
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But since then, more than 25 years ago, man has yet to return to the moon. In spite of the discovery of water on the moon, greatly simplifying the development and operation of a manned lunar base, the United States has yet to send a man back to the moon.2 We need a vision for space with new horizons, including man in space. A vision for space will help the United States keep ahead of Russia, China, Europe, Japan, and India, who are actively challenging American leadership.3 A vision for space can lead to a surge of technological and scientific progress, benefiting the U.S. economy and military with long-term improvements in basic technological infrastructure. A vision for space will develop manned bases on the moon.4 A vision for space will build various two-stage reusable rocket and Single Stage To Orbit designs to dramatically cut the cost of space launches.5 The economic and military implications of a Single Stage To Orbit (or two-stage reusable rocket) - lower launch costs - are enormous. It will open wide the door to space. A vision for space would exploit the technological advantages of deploying ballistic missile defenses in space to meet the growing threat of intermediate and long range ballistic missiles. In March 1999, the House and Senate, recognizing the growing threat of long range ballistic missiles, voted overwhelmingly for deploying a national missile defense.6 Strategy for Space There is an essential link between space programs and defense.7 The German V-2 rocket spawned the American and Russian ballistic missile and space programs. The linkage between space and defense extends to the deployment of ballistic missile defenses in space. There are inherent advantages to deploying ballistic missile defenses in space: automated operation; continuous, global coverage; higher position compared to ground based defenses or a boosting rocket; long lines of sight especially for high energy lasers; and a boost phase defense capability, which ground-based defenses lack. A strong space program will deploy ballistic missile defenses in space to control space.8 A strong space program will also result in spin-offs assisting the deployment of ballistic missile defenses. Improved space launch capabilities such as a heavy lift booster, and faster turnaround at spaceports are key ingredients for a strong space program and the deployment of ballistic missile defenses in space. A strong space program will require the means to defend itself, lending itself to develop ways to control space, including the destruction of satellites and rocket boosters. The ability to control space, essential for a strong space program, will also provide means for intercepting long range ballistic missiles. The current administration, adverse to deploying ballistic missile defenses in space, is also critical of developing the means to control space. 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引用次数: 2

摘要

美国需要新的举措来维持强大的太空计划,包括开发月球。该项目将帮助美国建立太空导弹防御系统。关键词:弹道导弹防御,辉煌卵石,天基激光,太空运输,重型助推器,月球,月球上的水自从沃纳·冯·布劳恩领导太空计划和阿波罗登月计划以来,我们对太空的看法发生了变化计算机的发展,复杂的红外、雷达和光学传感器的发展,以及卫星网络的创新使用,为空间创造了新的角色,特别是在电信方面。但缺少一个基本要素:具有开拓太空的远见、激情和理解力的先驱者。1969年7月20日,尼尔·阿姆斯特朗踏上月球表面。但从那以后,也就是25多年前,人类还没有重返月球。尽管在月球上发现了水,大大简化了载人月球基地的开发和运行,但美国还没有把人送回月球我们需要一个具有新视野的太空愿景,包括人类进入太空。对太空的展望将帮助美国保持领先于俄罗斯、中国、欧洲、日本和印度,这些国家正在积极挑战美国的领导地位对太空的展望可以带来技术和科学进步的激增,通过基础技术基础设施的长期改善,使美国经济和军事受益。对太空的展望是在月球上发展载人基地太空愿景将建造各种可重复使用的两级火箭和单级轨道设计,以大幅削减太空发射的成本单级进入轨道(或两级可重复使用的火箭)的经济和军事意义——更低的发射成本——是巨大的。它将打开通往太空的大门。空间愿景将利用在空间部署弹道导弹防御系统的技术优势,以应对日益增长的中程和远程弹道导弹威胁。5 . 1999年3月,参众两院认识到远程弹道导弹日益增长的威胁,以压倒性多数投票赞成部署国家导弹防御系统空间战略空间计划与国防之间有着本质的联系德国的V-2火箭催生了美国和俄罗斯的弹道导弹和太空计划。空间与防御之间的联系延伸到在空间部署弹道导弹防御系统。在太空部署弹道导弹防御系统有其固有的优势:自动化操作;持续的全球覆盖;与地面防御或助推火箭相比,更高的位置;长视线,特别是高能激光器;以及地面防御系统所缺乏的助推段防御能力。一个强大的太空计划将在太空部署弹道导弹防御系统以控制太空一个强大的太空计划还将产生辅助部署弹道导弹防御系统的副产品。改进的太空发射能力,如重型升力助推器,以及太空港更快的周转速度,是强大的太空计划和在太空部署弹道导弹防御系统的关键因素。一个强大的太空计划将需要自卫的手段,使其能够发展控制太空的方法,包括摧毁卫星和火箭助推器。控制空间的能力对强大的空间计划至关重要,也将提供拦截远程弹道导弹的手段。现任政府反对在太空部署弹道导弹防御系统,也对发展控制太空的手段持批评态度。奥巴马政府发言人约翰•哈姆雷(John Hamre)强调,不应该开发通过拦截火箭助推器或摧毁卫星来控制太空的方法,而应该寻求“软”解决方案,依靠中断卫星通信链路。…
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Vision for Space
New initiatives are needed by the U.S to maintain a strong space program, inclouding the develop of the moon. This program will help the U.S. to build a missile defense system in space. Key Words: Ballistic missile defense, Brilliant Pebbles, Space Based Laser, space transportation, heavy lift booster, the moon, water on the moon. Our vision for space has changed since Wernher von Braun led the space program and Apollo moonshot.1 The growth of computers, development of sophisticated infrared, radar, and optical sensors, and innovative use of satellite networks have created new roles for space, especially in telecommunications. But one essential element is missing: the pioneer with the vision, passion, and understanding to develop space. On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong stepped on the moon's surface. But since then, more than 25 years ago, man has yet to return to the moon. In spite of the discovery of water on the moon, greatly simplifying the development and operation of a manned lunar base, the United States has yet to send a man back to the moon.2 We need a vision for space with new horizons, including man in space. A vision for space will help the United States keep ahead of Russia, China, Europe, Japan, and India, who are actively challenging American leadership.3 A vision for space can lead to a surge of technological and scientific progress, benefiting the U.S. economy and military with long-term improvements in basic technological infrastructure. A vision for space will develop manned bases on the moon.4 A vision for space will build various two-stage reusable rocket and Single Stage To Orbit designs to dramatically cut the cost of space launches.5 The economic and military implications of a Single Stage To Orbit (or two-stage reusable rocket) - lower launch costs - are enormous. It will open wide the door to space. A vision for space would exploit the technological advantages of deploying ballistic missile defenses in space to meet the growing threat of intermediate and long range ballistic missiles. In March 1999, the House and Senate, recognizing the growing threat of long range ballistic missiles, voted overwhelmingly for deploying a national missile defense.6 Strategy for Space There is an essential link between space programs and defense.7 The German V-2 rocket spawned the American and Russian ballistic missile and space programs. The linkage between space and defense extends to the deployment of ballistic missile defenses in space. There are inherent advantages to deploying ballistic missile defenses in space: automated operation; continuous, global coverage; higher position compared to ground based defenses or a boosting rocket; long lines of sight especially for high energy lasers; and a boost phase defense capability, which ground-based defenses lack. A strong space program will deploy ballistic missile defenses in space to control space.8 A strong space program will also result in spin-offs assisting the deployment of ballistic missile defenses. Improved space launch capabilities such as a heavy lift booster, and faster turnaround at spaceports are key ingredients for a strong space program and the deployment of ballistic missile defenses in space. A strong space program will require the means to defend itself, lending itself to develop ways to control space, including the destruction of satellites and rocket boosters. The ability to control space, essential for a strong space program, will also provide means for intercepting long range ballistic missiles. The current administration, adverse to deploying ballistic missile defenses in space, is also critical of developing the means to control space. John Hamre, an administration spokesman, is emphatic about not developing ways to control space by intercepting rocket boosters or destroying satellites, seeking instead "soft" solutions, relying on the disruption of satellite communication links. …
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来源期刊
Journal of Social, Political, and Economic Studies
Journal of Social, Political, and Economic Studies Social Sciences-Political Science and International Relations
CiteScore
0.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: The quarterly Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies (ISSN 0193-5941), which has been published regularly since 1976, is a peer-reviewed academic journal devoted to scholarly papers which present in depth information on contemporary issues of primarily international interest. The emphasis is on factual information rather than purely theoretical or historical papers, although it welcomes an historical approach to contemporary situations where this serves to clarify the causal background to present day problems.
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