营养药品对控制原发性高血压有效吗

Antoine Al Achi
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摘要

根据美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)的数据,美国原发性高血压(20岁及以上的成年人)的患病率估计为33.5%(2013-2014年数据),估计死亡率为9.5 / 100,000[1]。美国疾病控制与预防中心的报告还指出,这种疾病在人群中的发病率因年龄、性别和种族而异。老年人、男性(45岁以下)和非裔美国人患此病最多[2]。用抗高血压药物治疗高血压一直是治疗高血压患者的主要方法。美国的调查显示,临床医生选择特定降压药物与患者的年龄、性别、种族或医疗保险无关[3]。此外,最常用的处方药物依次为血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、噻嗪类利尿剂、血管紧张素受体阻滞剂、钙通道阻滞剂和β受体阻滞剂[3]。值得注意的是,高血压和骨质疏松症都是老年患者常见的疾病,它们具有相似的遗传易感性和环境条件的危险因素。此外,抗高血压药物可对骨质疏松症患者的骨密度产生积极或消极的影响[4]。在这篇社论中,简要讨论了患有原发性高血压的患者对一些营养保健品的使用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Are Nutraceuticals Effective in Controlling Essential Hypertension
According to the U.S. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the prevalence of essential hypertension (adults, 20 years of age or older) in the U.S.A. was estimated to be 33.5% (2013-2014 data), with an estimated death rate of 9.5 per 100,000 due to this illness [1]. The CDC reports also state that the occurrence of this disease in the population varies by age, gender, and ethnicity. Older persons, males (up to the age of 45 years), and African-Americans suffer from this condition the most [2]. Treating hypertension with antihypertensive drugs has been the mainstay for managing individuals with this condition. Surveys in the U.S.A. have shown that clinician’s choice for selecting a particular antihypertensive medication was not correlated with age, gender, ethnicity, or the medical insurance the patient had [3]. Moreover, the most prescribed medications were (in descending order) angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, thiazide diuretics, angiotensin receptor blockers, calcium-channel blockers, and betablockers [3]. It is interesting to note that hypertension and osteoporosis, both are frequently encountered in older patients, share similar risk factors of genetic predisposition and environmental conditions. Moreover, antihypertensive medications can influence, positively or negatively, the bone mineral density in patients with osteoporosis [4]. In this editorial, the use of some nutraceuticals by patients suffering from essential hypertension is briefly discussed.
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