Historical and Philosophical Problems in the Work of Hilmi Ziya Ulken

The article describes the creative heritage of the great Turkish philosopher and sociologist Hilmi Ziya Ulken (1901–1974). His work includes fundamental works on both theory and the history of philosophy. Ulken’s works devoted to the history of philosophy broadly reflect the interrelationship of Eastern Muslim and Western philosophy, as well as the influence of Eastern philosophy on Western thought. Hilmi Ziya Ulken considered both religious and philosophical trends, such as Sufism, Fiqh, Kalam, and scientific philosophical teachings – Eastern peripatetism, Ishraqism. The object of Ulken’s study was also the history of Turkish thought as part of Eastern philosophy. In his work, an important place is occupied by the study of the stages of the history of Turkic thinking from antiquity to the present. The article summarizes Hilmi Ziya Ulken’s views on the scientific and cultural environment and philosophy of Russia in the 20th century.