以乌克兰哈尔科夫地区为例,农田土地抗侵蚀优化

IF 0.3 Q4 GEOLOGY
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的。以哈尔科夫地区农业企业为例,阐述了土地利用结构抗侵蚀优化的行动顺序及进一步提高土地利用结构效率的途径。方法。地图学、统计学、地理信息分析、数学建模、磁学。结果。在对哈尔科夫地区(乌克兰)三个典型农场在不同土地利用条件下的潜在土壤流失进行数学建模的基础上,展示了土地利用侵蚀优化的一个例子。在ArcGIS环境下,利用DEM对C. Myrtshulawa模型进行模拟。使用GIS对结果进行模拟和可视化,您可以确定侵蚀最严重的地区,并为每个农场单独选择作物轮作。模型揭示的侵蚀风险可以通过组织和农艺措施来预防,这需要最小的经济成本。提出了应用磁学调查的方法和手段来检验农林改良措施有效性的方法。结论。土地利用的抗侵蚀优化可以实现被调查农场所有领域的土壤损失量。与此同时,土壤流失减少,取决于初始危险程度和作物轮作的转变程度,从10%的斜坡到1.5°,在复杂地区高达4.2倍。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Anti-Erosion Optimization of the Territory of Agrarian Farms on the Example of the Kharkiv Region, Ukraine
Purpose. Show the sequence of actions on anti-erosion optimization of land use structure on the example of agro-enterprises of the Kharkiv region and further ways to increase its efficiency. Methods. Cartographic, statistical, geoinformation analysis, mathematical modeling, magnetizing. Results. An example of erosion optimization of land use is shown on the basis of mathematical modeling of potential soil losses under different land use conditions for three typical farms of the Kharkiv region (Ukraine). The simulation was carried out using the model of C. Myrtshulawa using DEM in the ArcGIS environment. Using GIS to simulate and visualize the results allows you to identify the most erosionally hazardous areas and make an individual selection of crop rotation for each farm. The erosion risk which modeling was revealed can be prevented by means of organizational and agronomic measures, which requires the minimal economic costs. The ways of checking the effectiveness of agro-forest-meliorative measures with application of methods and means of magnetic investigation are offered. Conclusions. Anti-erosion optimization of land use allows achieving the values of soil losses in all fields of investigated farms. At the same time, soil losses decrease, depending on the initial level of danger and the degree of transformation of crop rotation from 10% on slopes to 1.5 °, up to 4.2 times in complicated areas.
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