硅发动机涡轮增压器涡轮脉动流量的计算精度。第2部分:测量、模拟关联和结论

Fredrik Westin, Hans-Erik Ångström
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引用次数: 9

摘要

本文是SAE- paper 2005-01-0222在2005年SAE世界大会上发表的延续,在本文中表示为第1部分。在第一部分中,从计算中选择了三个涡轮,并设计了三个不同几何形状的歧管。本文第2部分涵盖了对这9种不同的涡轮和歧管组合进行发动机模拟和测量的结果。结果表明,保持等熵功率的可能性是最重要的特性,掩盖了涡轮机效率的任何差异。等熵功率与流道体积和涡轮喉道面积成反比关系。所有九个装置的GT-Power模型都根据测量数据进行了校准。描述了对效率和质量流量倍增器的需求。效率倍增器取决于通过涡轮的质量流量,在0.03 kg/s附近有明显的最小值(0.7-0.8),在此附近更高。效率倍增器不能显示依赖于涡轮进口流量的脉动幅值。质量流量倍增器几乎与发动机转速成线性关系。结合实测和模拟数据计算了发动机上涡轮效率。对不同的计算方法进行了测试,其中也包括大容量存储。所选择的方法是在每个瞬间从涡轮机进出的质量流量相等,并且浮动平均值超过30 CAD。为了解释发动机的不同行为,在稳态涡轮流动装置中对三个涡轮进行了详细的测量。这些测量结果被用来校准软件riital中单独的涡轮模拟模型,这些模型被用来描述涡轮机的内部流动。比较了三种估算发动机上涡轮效率的方法。GT-Power和riital在效率方面显示出了类似的趋势,但在发动机上测量的效率在排气脉冲的第一个,也是最具活力的部分给出了较低的值。在此基础上,分析了这三种类型,并对每种类型的效益进行了梳理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Calculation accuracy of pulsating flow through the turbine of Si-engine turbochargers - Part 2 Measurements, simulation correlations and conclusions
This paper is a continuation of SAE-Paper 2005-01-0222 presented at the 2005 SAE World Congress, denoted Part 1 in this text. In Part 1 three turbines were selected from calculations and three manifolds with different geometries were designed. This paper, Part 2, covers the results from engine-simulations and measurements on these nine different combinations of turbines and manifolds. It was shown that the possibility of maintaining isentropic power was the most important property, overshadowing any differences in turbine efficiency. The isentropic power was inversely dependent on both manifold volume and turbine throat area. The GT-Power models of all nine setups were calibrated against the measured data. The need for efficiency and massflow multipliers is described. The efficiency multiplier depended on mass flow through the turbine, with a distinct minimum value (0.7-0.8) around 0.03 kg/s and higher around that. The efficiency multiplier could not be shown to depend on pulsation amplitude of the turbine inlet flow. The mass flow multiplier was almost linear with engine speed. The on-engine turbine efficiency was calculated from a combination of measured and simulated data. Different approaches for this calculation were tested, among which also mass storage was included. The chosen method used equal massflow in and out from the turbine at every instant and a floating average over 30 CAD. To enable explanation of the different behaviors on the engine, detailed measurements were conducted on the three turbines in a steady-state turbine flow rig. These measurements were used to calibrate separate turbine simulation models in the software Rital, which were used to describe the internal flow of the turbines. The three methods of estimating the on-engine turbine efficiency were compared. GT-Power and Rital showed similar trends for the efficiency, but the on-engine measured efficiency gave lower values for the first, most energetic, part of the exhaust pulse. Furthermore, the three manifold types were analyzed and the benefits from each of them sorted out.
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