管道整体渗析仪的设计进展

L. Heim, M. Tanner, A. Crane, I. Wesenbeeck, R. Velagaleti
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由ABC实验室公司(美国专利# 5,594,185)获得专利的自给式田间溶湿仪已被用于测试各种农用化学品在各种田间地点和土壤类型中的流动性和消散。在本文中,我们提出的数据,以支持功能的管渗计设计,并描述了一些最近的设计修改,已作出改善其性能。1998年4月,在佐治亚州亚特兰大举行的ASTM第八届环境毒理学和风险评估研讨会上,提出了先前的设计,使用钢土芯套管,对于某些测试物质可能导致不必要的壁吸附或催化降解。使用不锈钢芯套管,虽然通常被认为对大多数测试物质是惰性的,但可能会变得非常昂贵,增加了现场项目的总体成本。由于这些原因,模块化渗析仪的设计进行了修改,允许使用PVC和其他非金属土壤芯套管材料。非金属土芯套管材料的利用需要使用定制制造的切割尖端和压环来产生土芯。其他重要的改进包括增强了将渗滤液和溢流模块连接到土柱上的方法,以及用于在土柱底部收集渗滤液空隙的仪器。包括非金属土壤岩心套管在内的整体溶蚀计设计的发展,提供了一种综合的方法,可以使用所有可能的岩心套管材料来生成完整的、未受干扰的土壤柱。PVC溶析仪改造的好处包括在土芯生成过程中最小的压实,一些测试物质的化学惰性外壳材料,以及降低材料成本。此外,用于PVC溶析仪的仪器方案允许在现场部署之前进行更多的预制,并且在现场对仪器和安装的劳动力要求最低,从而显着降低了现场溶析仪项目的总体成本。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Advancements in pipe monolith lysimeter designs
The self-contained field lysimeter, patented by ABC Laboratories, Inc. (U.S. Patent # 5,594,185) has been used to test the mobility and dissipation of various agrochemicals in a variety of field sites and soil types. In this paper we present data to support the functionality of the pipe lysimeter design and describe some recent design modifications that have been made to improve its performance. The previous design, presented at the ASTM Eighth Symposium on Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Atlanta, Georgia, April 1998, used a steel soil core casing, which for some test substances could result in unwanted wall sorption or catalyzed degradation. The use of a stainless steel core casing, while generally considered to be inert for most test substances, can become very expensive, increasing the overall cost of the field project. For these reasons, the modular lysimeter design was modified to allow the use of PVC and other non-metallic soil core casing materials. The utilization of non-metallic soil core casing materials requires the use of a custom manufactured cutting tip and pressing ring for generation of the soil core. Other significant modifications include enhanced methods for the leachate and over-flow module attachment to the soil column, and the instrumentation used for the leachate collection void at the base of the soil column. Development of the monolith lysimeter design to include non-metallic soil core casings provides a comprehensive method for use of all potential core casing materials in the generation of intact, undisturbed soil columns. Benefits of the PVC lysimeter modification include minimal compaction during soil-core generation, chemically inert casing materials for some test substances, and reduced materials costs. In addition, the instrumentation scheme used for the PVC lysimeter allows for more pre-fabrication prior to field deployment, and minimal labor requirements in the field for instrumentation and installation, significantly reducing the overall cost of field lysimeter projects.
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