Chitosan Application in Aquatic Feed and Its Impact on Fish and Shrimp Productivity

The culture of crustaceans, such as shrimp and crabs, in Indonesia has resulted in a significant increase in waste production, particularly in the form of shells and heads. This waste contains valuable components like chitin, chitosan, and carotenoids, which can be extracted and utilized in aquaculture activities. Some research results show that the use of chitosan, derived from chitin, in fish feed, is a functional polysaccharide with various biological activities, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immune-stimulating effects. It also acts as a growth promoter in shrimp and improves the performance of farmed fish. Additionally, the inclusion of chitin and chitosan in fish feed formulations enhances digestibility, growth, and nutrient absorption. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the potential, nutritional value, and benefits of processed crustacean waste products, focusing on chitosan, and their impact on the productivity of fish in aquaculture.