COSECANT-SQUARED BEAM PATTERN SYNTHESIS OF CONCENTRIC CIRCULAR ANTENNA ARRAY IN A RANGE OF AZIMUTH PLANE USING EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHM

This paper presents, a pattern synthesis method based on Differential Evolutionary Algorithm. A cosec2 beam pattern has been generated from different concentric circular ring arrays of isotropic elements by finding the optimum set of elements amplitude and phase using the Differential Evolution algorithm. The shaped beam pattern (cosec2) is generated in three predefined azimuth planes (φ=0°, 5° and 10°) from a Concentric Circular Antenna Array (CCAA) having two rings, three rings, and four rings. The total number or isotropic elements are equal for array geometries. The optimum excitation for array geometries is also verified for a range of arbitrarily chosen azimuth planes. The obtained main beam is similar to the desired pattern with some minor variations in peak Side Lobe Level (peak SLL) and ripple. Dynamic range ratio (DRR) is improved by using 4-bit discrete Amplitudes and 5-bit discrete Phases. These discrete excitations also simplify the design complexity of the feed networks.