纳米材料毒性评估的新方法和认知

L. S.
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引用次数: 1

摘要

进入21世纪,纳米技术作为一个跨学科的研究领域,已经成为一个创新的领域,并引起了一场新的科学技术革命。其独特的性质引起了研究人员的广泛研究兴趣,并在包括生物医学应用在内的各个领域得到了应用。纳米材料在健康科学和医学领域的使用日益增多,引起了全球对这些材料的生物反应、有效性和毒性的关注。因此,研究纳米材料的毒性(纳米毒理学)在治疗中的应用已成为当务之急。纳米毒理学研究的主要目的是确定纳米材料对人类和环境的毒性/有害作用。纳米材料的毒性取决于各种物理化学性质,如尺寸、形状、表面积、表面化学、浓度和其他几个参数。纳米材料已显示出较高的毒性,特别是在吸入研究中,因此对纳米技术产品制定了严格的法规,以确保产品的安全性。克服这些毒性并提高其疗效和安全性的方法很少。因此,纳米技术的发展应该与风险评估同时进行,以识别和随后避免在不久的将来可能出现的危险。本文重点介绍了不同的纳米材料及其独特的性能,以及评估纳米材料毒性的框架。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Emerging Approaches and Perception of Toxicity Assessment in Nanomaterials
In the 21st century, nanotechnology, an interdisciplinary research has become an innovative field and made a new revolution in science and technology. Its unique properties has led an extensive research interest among the researchers and utilized in various fields including biomedical applications. Increased use of nanomaterials in health sciences and medicine aroused a global concern on the biological response, effectiveness, and toxicity of these materials. Therefore, it has become imperative in studying the toxicity of nanomaterial (Nanotoxicology) in therapeutic applications. The main aim of nanotoxicological studies is to determine the toxic/hazardous effects of nanomaterials on humans and to the environment. The toxicity of the nanomaterials depends on various physicochemical properties such as size, shape, surface area, surface chemistry, concentration and several others parameters. Nanomaterials have shown higher toxicity particularly in inhalation studies, hence stringent regulations are made for nanotechnology products to ensure the safety of the products. There are few approaches to overcome these toxicities and improve its therapeutic efficacy and safety. Hence development of nanotechnology should occur on par with risk assessment to identify and subsequently avoid possible dangers in the near future. This article highlights on the different nanomaterials, their unique properties and frameworks for assessing the toxicity of nanomaterials.
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