阿联酋阿布扎比陆上油田高非均质下白垩统碳酸盐岩储层的地质相和静态岩石类型

Dario De Benedictis, Shaymaa Ali Al Maskari, Noor Faisal Al Hashmi
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引用次数: 1

摘要

阿布扎比某陆上油田的下白垩统储层是本研究的重点,旨在1)了解、预测和分布成岩作用对储层质量的影响;2)定义储层静态岩石类型(SRT)。这最终将有助于定义和预测储层流量单元,从而更好地为储层静态和动态建模制定策略和选择,并支持油田业务计划的决策过程。研究采用了全面综合的地质-岩石物理方法。在储层中识别出9种地质相,并将其划分为4大类:1)含砾岩相,2)颗粒支撑的骨架和轨道岩相,3)Bacinella/ lithocodim -coral相,4)泥岩支撑相。含砾岩相和Bacinella/Lithocodium-coral相是最好的储集相。在油田东北部的平台顶部,Rudist沉积物主要形成堆积的斑块或片状的骨架碎屑堆积。在主储层段,地质相分布主要遵循沉积环境的水动力趋势。原始相性质主要取决于沉积结构和原始壳矿物学和结构(如Caprinids vs. capprotinids - requienids)。Bacinella/Lithocodium-coral沉积物形成堆积的浅滩滨潮旋回,代表了储层下部的成因单元。上旋回的表层岩溶证据表明了一个主要层序边界的位置,并与邻近的场相关。沉积相特征对成岩作用的影响强烈,并提出了该储层的共生层序。建立了包括原始颗粒矿物学和沉积环境在内的地质相特征与储层质量参数之间的联系,从而可以在横向和地层上预测和分布储层物性。综合地质观测和岩石物理综合结果,确定了7个srt。srt的定义与储层地层格架密切相关,从而形成了一个双重方案:两个srt表征Bacinella/Lithocodium-coral剖面的旋回潮外沉积,而在上部富陆剖面中发现了五个srt。来自MICP数据的岩石物理证据也有力地支持了这一方法。结合沉积岩学分析和岩石物理综合的结果,提出了该储层的精细地质概念和地层格架。通过将地质与岩石物理相结合,建立了一种新的鲁棒srt方案,以提高储层流动单元的识别和预测能力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Geological Facies and Static Rock Types in a Highly Heterogeneous Lower Cretaceous Carbonate Reservoir from an Onshore Field in Abu Dhabi, UAE
A Lower Cretaceous reservoir in one of the Abu Dhabi onshore oilfields is the focus of this study aimed 1) to understand, predict and distribute the impact of diagenesis on the reservoir quality, and 2) to define the reservoir Static Rock Types (SRT). This will eventually help to define and predict the reservoir flow units to better frame strategies and choices for reservoir static and dynamic modelling, and to support the decision-making process for the oilfield business plan. A fully integrated geological-petrophysical approach was used to carry out the study. Nine geological facies are recognized in the reservoir and grouped in four main reservoir facies categories: 1) rudist-bearing facies, 2) grain-supported skeletal and Orbitolinid facies, 3) Bacinella/Lithocodium-coral facies, and 4) mudstone-supported facies. Rudist-bearing and Bacinella/Lithocodium-coral facies represent the best reservoir facies. Rudist deposits mainly formed stacked patches- or sheet-like accumulations of reworked skeletal debris on platform top settings in the northeast of the field. In the main reservoir section, geological facies distribution mainly follows the hydrodynamic trend of the depositional settings. Rudist facies properties primarily depend on the depositional texture and the original shell mineralogy and structure (e.g. Caprinids vs. Caprotinids-Requienids). Bacinella/Lithocodium-coral deposits form stacked shallowing-up peritidal cycles, representing the genetic units of the lower section of the reservoir. Evidences of epikarst in the uppermost cycles indicate the location of a major sequence boundary correlatable also to neighboring fields. The impact of diagenesis appears strongly driven by the depositional facies characteristics, and a paragenetic sequence is proposed for this reservoir. A link between geological facies features, including original grain mineralogy and depositional settings, and reservoir quality parameters is established, allowing the prediction and distribution of reservoir properties in the reservoir laterally and stratigraphically. Seven SRTs are identified by integrating geological observations and the result of the petrophysical synthesis. SRTs definition closely follows the reservoir stratigraphic framework, allowing creating a two-fold scheme: two SRTs characterize the cyclic peritidal deposits of the Bacinella/Lithocodium-coral section, and five SRTs are identified in the upper rudist-rich section. Petrophysical evidences from MICP data also strongly support this approach. A refined geological concept and stratigraphic framework is proposed for the reservoir to integrate the results of the sedimentological/petrographic analysis and petrophysical synthesis. Through linking geology and petrophysics, a new robust scheme of SRTs is created to enhance the identification and prediction of the reservoir flow units.
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