Percutaneous delivery system for nicotinamide transdermal therapeutic system

Recently, antioxidants, one of which is nicotinamide, have often been used in the treatment of a number of chronic cardiovascular, autoimmune, skin diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Taking into account the frequent and long-term use of nicotinamide, it seems appropriate to the authors to create a new dosage form of a transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) capable of maintaining the required level of the drug concentration in the blood for a long time. The aim of the work was to develop and to study the functional properties of a system for percutaneous delivery of nicotinamide in vitro. Four compositions of the percutaneous delivery emulsion system for the nicotinamide TTS were suggested, in which the amount of the percutaneous carrier of sodium docusate was varied. Studies of the diffusion of nicotinamide in vitro through unconserved rabbit skin have shown that an increase in the concentration of sodium docusate by three times (from 3.3 % to 9.8 %) significantly increases the amount of the diffused drug substance by 15% and decreases the amount of nicotinamide remaining in the TTS. The amount of the antioxidant founded in the skin flap was lower than the therapeutic dose (~ 1.46 % of its initial amount in TTS) 24 hours after the start of the in vitro experiment. It indicates the absence of a possible aftereffect of nicotinamide TTS in its clinical use after detaching from the patient’s skin.