新型硫化铁防垢剂的鉴定及防垢机理的研究

Saebom Ko, Xin Wang, A. Kan, M. Tomson
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引用次数: 5

摘要

虽然硫化铁(FeS)垢不像碳酸盐和硫酸盐垢那样常见,但由于其溶解度低和沉淀动力学快,很难抑制,特别是在高温条件下。此外,FeS溶液和固相化学的复杂性使得FeS沉积及相关问题难以解决。本研究旨在寻找更有效的FeS分散剂和抑制剂。聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、聚恶唑啉(OX)和羧甲基纤维素(CMC)在油气生产活动中经常用于各种目的,它们成功地阻止了FeS颗粒的沉降。CMC对卤水中FeS颗粒的分散效果最好,在离子强度高达4M的条件下,CMC可以分散FeS颗粒。聚合物稳定的FeS尺寸保持在纳米级。聚合物不能作为阈值抑制剂,但可以阻止颗粒生长。还测试了磷酸盐和羧酸盐螯合剂对FeS阻垢的抑制作用。通过0.22 μm注射器膜对过滤溶液中Fe浓度的测定,在70℃条件下,反应时间为2小时,二乙三胺五亚甲基膦酸酯(DTPMP)、乙二胺四乙酸酯(EDTA)和硝基三乙酸酯(NTA)对FeS成核的抑制作用大于90%。NTA在pH为5.0时表现出最好的抑制效果,在铁(II)抑制剂的亚化学计量浓度下,三种抑制剂均能阻止FeS成核。在pH 6.7、EDTA摩尔浓度超过铁(II)约10%时,EDTA表现优于NTA和DTPMP。随着pH和饱和指数(SI)的增加,需要更大浓度的抑制剂来抑制FeS结垢。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Identification of Novel Chemicals for Iron Sulfide Scale Control and Understanding of Scale Controlling Mechanism
Although iron sulphide (FeS) scale is not as common as carbonate and sulfate scales, it is difficult to inhibit, especially at high temperature conditions, due to its low solubility and fast precipitation kinetics. Moreover, the complexity of FeS solution and solid phase chemistry makes FeS deposition and related issues difficult to be solved. This study is to identify more efficient and effective dispersants and inhibitors for FeS scale. Polyacrylamide (PAM), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyoxazoline (OX) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), which are frequently employed during oil and gas production activities for various purposes, successfully prevented FeS particles from settling. CMC was the most effective to disperse FeS particles in brines and it can disperse FeS particles under the conditions of as high as 4M of ionic strength. The size of FeS stabilized with polymers remained in nano-scale. Polymers did not work as threshold inhibitors, but prevented particle growth. Phosphonates and carboxylate chelating agents were also tested for FeS scale inhibition. Diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonate (DTPMP), ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) and nitrilotriacetate (NTA) successfully inhibited FeS nucleation greater than 90% in a given reaction time of 2 hours at 70 °C, based on the measurement of Fe concentration in filtered solution with 0.22 μm syringe membrane. NTA showed the best inhibition performance at pH 5.0 and all three inhibitors stopped FeS nucleation at a substoichiometric concentration of inhibitors to iron(II). EDTA performed better than NTA and DTPMP at pH 6.7 at about 10% excess of EDTA molar concentration over iron(II). As pH and saturation index (SI) increased, greater concentrations of inhibitors were required to inhibit FeS scale.
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